Lecture Notes: What is AI, How Does it Work, and What Can it Be Used For?

Introduction to AI

• Definition: AI allows computers to learn and solve problems akin to human abilities.
• Development: Rapid advancements in AI technology with major companies (Meta, Google, OpenAI) competing in the field.
• Concerns: Potential for malicious use.

How AI Works

• Training: AI systems are trained on vast data to recognize patterns.
• Applications: Used in virtual assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa), social media algorithms, etc.
• Resources:
  • Simple Guide to AI
  • Bill Gates on AI

Generative AI: ChatGPT and Midjourney

• Description: Programs that generate human-like content (text, images, music).
• Examples:
  • Chatbots: Text-based conversations (e.g., ChatGPT).
  • Image Creation: Programs like Midjourney create images from text.
• Issues: Can produce biased or inaccurate content.
• Industry Impact: Concerns in the music industry about AI's "predatory" use.
  • Artists Against AI in Music

Risks and Criticisms of AI

• Rapid Development: Concerns over AI's fast growth and potential dangers.
• Security: AI could aid in cyber and terrorist attacks.
• Key Figures: Some AI pioneers express concern (Geoffrey Hinton, Yoshua Bengio).
• Social Impacts:
  • Example: Racial discrimination in AI facial recognition.
  • Environmental concerns: High energy consumption.

Governance and Regulation

• International Cooperation: US and UK deal on AI safety.
• National Initiatives: UK hosted a global summit on AI safety.
• EU's AI Act: Imposing strict controls on high-risk AI systems.
• Resources:
  • Sunaks Summit on AI Safety

Impact on Employment

• Economic Boost: AI could increase global economy by 7%.
• Job Risks: Up to 8 million UK jobs at risk due to AI advancements.
• Resources:
  • AI and Job Market Changes
  • AI in Legal Profession

Conclusion: AI is a rapidly evolving technology with vast applications and significant impacts on society and the economy. While it offers many benefits, the ethical and safety challenges it presents require careful consideration and regulation.