Took a false oath by the Quran and deceitfully called the Balochis downstairs & caught them. And here itself, making Jinnah as Qalad's legal advisor turned out to be such a huge mistake. Now he became angry because Natural Gas was released from Balochistan, but it was sent to Karachi, Lahore & Rawalpindi. How did an 80-year-old Baloch, Nawab Nauroz Khan, cause chaos in the entire area alone? But Raja Ranjit Singh became firm that nobody can pass through our land so casually. The reserve of 412 million tonnes was discovered in Balochistan, but 50% of its profit was taken by China. And Baloch could lay their hands on only 2% of its profit. Baloch are the only community in the entire world whose leaders come in front & fight alongside their kids. They don't take decisions while sitting in expensive hotels. "I won't accept defeat, I won't be sold, I only fight." "We don't want CPEC, but the rights of Baloch people." Now, the people of Balochistan have been raising voices for their rights & identity. But this voice doesn't reach the global level with clarity and impact. Sometimes, political noise, media silence, and even lack of framing prevent this issue from making its place in the world's narrative. And this isn't just about Balochistan but about every person who has something important to say but lacks the tools to express it. That's why AI isn't just a tech revolution; it is an equalizer. Which gives the power of becoming skilled to every person. It gives structure to their ideas & places them impactfully in front of the world. If you want growth in your career by giving 2 days of the weekend, then I would recommend Outskill's 2-day AI training program, which will have 16 hours of live AI training on Saturday and Sunday - from 11 AM to 7 PM in the evening. Now the program is Rs 10,000, but for my viewers, it is 100% free. The link is in the description. Outskill World is India's first AI-focused platform backed by renowned AI investors and founders. Here, you'll learn, 20+ real-world AI tools, prompt engineering, AI models, Excel, Presentation & Analytics through AI. And making AI tools without any coding. Whether you're techie or non-tech. Sales, Marketing, H.R., Finance, Business, or Founder - it is for everyone. Already 100,000 people have joined; you can also join - the link is in the description. Don't miss the onboarding call on Friday at 07:00 PM. So, coming back to the topic. See, Pakistan has seen many huge crises in its time. Economy, Military rule, Political Drama - everything. But in the current time, the situation has turned to the survival of Pakistan. Now whichever newspaper you pick up, the Balochistan problem in Pakistan is only being discussed everywhere. And the way Balochistan is making its own army, in the coming time, you'll hear this name more often. Now the question is, what is the problem in Pakistan that the Balochistan province of Pakistan is talking about separating from Pakistan & making its own separate country? They're attacking the Pakistan army in every instance. Now a few days ago, you might've seen that a train was hijacked, and they're even ready to sacrifice their lives. They'll sacrifice their lives but now they can't live with Pakistan. We have been joined by deceit. Now we want to make our separate country, Balochistan, again. Now this word 'Balochistan' - although it is being highlighted in the news now but this problem is very old. And a lot of things have happened in the past, due to which the problem has grown so intense. And to understand this entire game, we'll have to go back in time. But before that, let me tell you one thing. Pakistan is divided into mainly 4 provinces. This is Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it shares its border with Afghanistan. Then this is Punjab, it shares a border with India, This is the main province of Pakistan. All the army generals that you see are made here. And Punjab province enjoys most of the resources. This side is Sindh, which also shares a border with India. And this is Balochistan, which shares borders with Iran & Afghanistan. So this Balochistan area didn't have a boundary as such in the 12th century. And neither was this area named Balochistan. The pink area that you can see on this map, small Baloch tribes lived here in different areas. Like Makaran tribe, Kachhi tribe, Sistan tribe, Turbat tribe - there wasn't a political system here. Just that, every tribe used to have their own chief. And similarly, different tribes were living in this area. And if you look at this map closely, then today's Iran & Afghanistan border the tribes had taken small lands near that area & were living there. Because at that time, the border wasn't clearly decided. Now what happens is, when these tribes were living in this area then a man named Mir Jala Khan was very famous among them. So at this particular time, Mir Jalal said that, rather than living separately, it's better to live together so that if any problem arises, then we would be united & we would be able to help each other. So Mir Jalal talked to 44 tribes in this area & gathered everyone and made an alliance. This was the first time when tribes were united in this area. They didn't make a new country, instead, they had made a model in which everything was going on as it was. As how chiefs used to handle their tribes, they were doing the same. The difference was just that these 44 tribes made an alliance and decided to get united which was being led by Mir Jalal. And this decision of making an alliance, the foundation of making Balochistan was laid at the same time. That's why you'll see, people believe Mir Jalal as the founding father of the Baloch community. You can understand his importance by this: his kids like Rind, Lashari, Korai, Bibi Jato even in today's date, there are many areas in Balochistan which are named after his children like, Rindabad village, Korai Village, Jatoi City - all these are derived from the names of their children. Now for a long time, this model ran, and then as the 15th century arrived, after Mir Jalal, Mir Chakar Rind also came. He also did the same thing & made it more organized. And kept all the tribes united & at that time, this area - the semi-organized structure they were living in instead of Balochistan, people knew this area as the Rind-Lashari Union. Now what happens is, this tribe was living together but when the year 1666 arrived, then the Safavid empire was getting stronger in Iran. And on the other hand, if you see, there was the Mughal empire. So since these two big empires were nearby, the Baloch tribes which were living in the middle pressure was built on them from time-to-time. So all the pressure that was being developed on them regarding this, they felt that to protect themselves they need to make a system. They looked at their empires nearby, and saw how they were working. Being inspired by them, they started to make a central authority themselves. They started to make a similar structure on how the other empires worked. So all these tribes that were living in this area, there was one more tribe among them named the Ahmadzai Brahui tribe. The area by the name of Kalat, that you can see in this area this tribe lived in this area & there was a man in this tribe - Mir Ahmad Khan. So when the discussion of making central authority was going on, then all the tribes together crowned Mir Ahmad Khan as Khan of Kalat. Now what is Khan of Kalat? Like, the King is the head of the state, similarly - they gave him the name, Khan of Kalat. Means, he'll lead. Now there's one thing to remember here. That all these tribes had crowned Mir Ahmad, the Khan of Kalat, but chiefs of some tribes said that, we're crowning you to be the Khan of Kalat, but we'll manage our tribe & our own area ourselves. So due to this, the dark green area that you can see in the map was being directly ruled by Khan of Kalat, Mir Ahmad. And the light green area was indirectly ruled by Khan of Kalat & this entire green area be it light green or dark green, this entire area was called - Khanate of Kalat. In the future, this Khanate of Kalat will become Balochistan. So whenever we talk about Kalat state or Khanate of Kalat, then you can assume that we're talking about this entire light and dark green area. So when this Khanate of Kalat was made into a proper system, then Law, trade, Military - all the setup was formed. And then this system ran for a long time and then slowly, when the year 1749 arrived, and after Mir Ahmad Khan, his grandson - Mir Nasir Khan becomes Khan of Kalat. Baloch believe this time to be the golden period. As soon as Nasir Khan ascended the position, he made a good political system in this entire Khanate of Kalat. He set up the Baloch army, which included 25,000 soldiers. He kept 1,000 camels in it. See, do remember this thing - I'll repeat as well. In Khanate of Kalat, there were many tribes which had their own separate systems, their chiefs ran them. But they ran under Khan of Kalat. So that's why Khan of Kalat called chiefs of all the tribes & formed a council system so that if a decision has to be made, then everyone should cooperate. Everything was decided by this council. Like how parliament works, similarly, the council worked. Now after this comes the year 1830, and as this year arrived, real problems start rising. At this time, the Britishers had arrived, ruling undivided India. But at the same time, the Britishers & Russia had a geo-political fight going on between them, which is also called, The Great Game. So the area of Central Asia that you see, which includes Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan - this entire Central Asia was considered a very important area. All the important trade routes, silk route, economic activity everything was done here & in this Central Asia, if there's a presence of an empire or military then it would give a huge strategic advantage. So what Russia did was - slowly, it captured Central Asia's Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and expanded its empire. And along with that, it was also moving towards Afghanistan as well. For that, in the year 1837, they sent their diplomat, Captain Ivan, in Afghanistan and had started talks with the then ruler of Afghanistan, Dost Mohammad Khan. Now when Russia was entering Afghanistan, then, from here, the Britishers who were ruling India, they got worried. The Britishers who were ruling over India, they believed India was a very important part for them because it had a lot of resources. And the way Russia was getting stronger & slowly entering Afghanistan as well, there was a high possibility that it could enter India's border. And the Britishers & Russia didn't want to fight among themselves. So from here, the Britishers started using their mind. And they thought that there should be a buffer zone between India & Russia. If this didn't happen, then a huge problem would rise. And whichever country is in this buffer zone, should run according to us. And if they did it, then Russia won't be able to reach India. So for that, the Britishers made a plan that they'll attack Afghanistan before Russia and they'll replace the ruler of Afghanistan, Dost Mohammad Khan with their puppet ruler, Shah Shuja. With which, the Britishers will have more control & influence over Afghanistan than Russia. Now, if they had to attack Afghanistan & plant their ruler, then the Britishers had to send their army from India to Afghanistan, and a route would be required for it. So one route passed in the northern region through Peshawar & Khyber Pass. But at that time, the Sikh empire was prevalent, so when the Britishers were asking to take their army through this area then King Ranjit Singh of the Sikh Empire clearly denied that the British army would not pass through their land. So when the route of the Sikh empire didn't fit right for the Britishers, then from here they moved towards Khanate of Kalat, which was also called Kalat state by some people at that time. So the Britishers planned that from India, they'd reach Afghanistan through Bolan Pass, Quetta, Chaman - in this way. And the area of Bolan Pass, Quetta, Chaman of Balochistan - I'm currently calling it Balochistan at that time, it wasn't Balochistan area. For this area, the Britishers sent their diplomat - Alexander Burnes to the Khan of Kalat at that time, Mehrab Khan so that he can take permission, sign an agreement and arrange for the route, Basically, the Britishers were very powerful, they wanted to pass through this area so they wanted proper control over this area. So for this, firstly they made a deal with Khan of Kalat they said that - they would financially support him and he would let them use this area. Now, since Khan of Kalat was also compelled, so he accepted this deal. Then came the time in the year 1839, when the Britishers had to use the Kalat state and send their army to Afghanistan to attack. Now although, the Britishers had signed the agreement with Khan of Kalat that they'll pass through this area, the local people of this area although it was signed with Khan of Kalat, but they weren't happy with this. They said that, this is our land. So we won't let them pass. So they went against the agreement signed by Khan of Kalat they did small attacks on the British Army, now when these attacks happened the Britishers thought that Mehrab Khan is unable to stop his own people from attacking. And they also had a doubt that, Mehrab Khan might have knowingly not stopped it. He might have wanted these acts to happen. There was another doubt on Mehrab Khan - that he might have some links with Afghanistan. So in total, the Britishers thought that although Mehrab Khan signed the agreement but there's a possibility that he might be responsible for these acts from behind. So in anger, the Britishers attacked the Kalat state in November 1839 and k*lled Mehrab Khan. And the anti of Mehrab Khan, Shah Nawaz Khan, was crowned as the Khan of Kalat who worked according to the Britishers. Now after this, the Britishers understood that if this entire area had to be converted into a buffer zone, away from the hands of Russia then they'd have to keep this region of Kalat state under their control. The Britishers weren't interested in taking the entire Kalat state under their control because at that time there were empty lands, there weren't many resources and to take any land under their control a lot of army had to be involved. So they weren't interested in this. So they divided the Kalat state into two parts, one part was this region in pink Quetta, Bolan Pass, Chaman, Chagai - this area. This area was directly controlled by the Britishers on the basis of their military. And they indirectly controlled the rest of the area by placing a ruler who worked according to them. And gave financial support from time to time so that, the inner area was also under control. But the way they colonized India under them, the Britishers never did the same with Kalat state. So the Britishers attacked Afghanistan, talked out, used different tactics made their influence, and even in Iran as well. The buffer zone that the Britishers wanted to make between Russia & India they made it very easily and for the buffer zone they were making, they even started the marking of the border of Kalat state, means they officially started making borders and registering it. Because earlier, there wasn't a border as such. There were frontiers, spread far away there were empty areas. So when the Britishers started making the borders of Kalat state then a lot of area near Kalat state's border which was near to Iran & Afghanistan's border sometimes by the Goldsmid Line agreement or Treaty of Gandamak, they gave it to Iran & Afghanistan. So that Iran & Afghanistan would be happy & away from the influence of Russia. And a few days after doing all this, on 8th December 1876 an official treaty was also signed with Kalat state that everything should be on paper as well which is called the Treaty of Kalat. These are some of its terms. Article 3 of this treaty is very important, it'll be mentioned further that what is the importance of this article. Now, after this, the Britishers took control of Kalat state's foreign policy. And the internal matters on a daily basis were given to Khan of Kalat that - solve the internal matters yourself - and after acquiring foreign policy Russia's entire control over this area finished. And in exchange, the Britishers gave Rs 50,000 to Kalat state a year in the start. And then increased it to Rs 1,00,000 - Now look at the map once again. The Britishers had kept the pink area to themselves with the help of military they gave this green area to the Khan of Kalat for ruling indirectly and then after this, in the year 1887 - this pink area which was under the control of the Britishers they took it under their control on paper, indirectly. And when it was taken under control through lease on paper then it was named, British Balochistan. And in this way, officially, the name Balochistan was first used. The rest of the remaining green area was still referred to as the Kalat state - Khanate of Kalat. Now for the next 50-60 years, no big event takes place as such. And then the time of the Britishers' withdrawal nears. The undivided India had to be divided Pakistan had to be formed. So at the same time, the Khan of Kalat - Mir Ahmad Yar Khan he thought that, now when the Britishers are leaving, since we weren't colonized by the Britishers so now we'll become an independent country. Regarding this, the Khan of Kalat was confident because even legally, this was valid. Firstly, in the year 1876 - the official treaty signed between the Britishers and Kalat state according to its Article 3, the Britishers accepted this on paper officially that Kalat state isn't the area under the Britishers, instead it is an independent state. And the area taken by the Britishers, which they call British Balochistan, was also taken under by an agreement & lease means, if someone lives in rent. Along with it, in the year 1886 - the British Administration mentioned this officially in their official report. That Khan of Kalat is an independent ruler who is connected with the Britishers under a treaty. And in the year 1877, the Delhi Imperial Assembly declared Khan of Kalat, Khuda-e-dad Khan as an independent ruler. Means, the Britishers themselves agreed that Kalat state is an independent state. So legally, the Britishers couldn't say at any stage that Kalat state is a part of the British empire. And if the Britishers would've said this, then they would face problems even internationally as well. But on the other hand, if Kalat state would've become an independent country then along with the Britishers even the US was scared that Kalat state is very weak and didn't want Russia's influence to increase in this area. And this area was strategically very important. And if this Kalat state is added to Pakistan, then the entire area would become strong and Russia's influence wouldn't increase. Because the Britishers had a very good influence on Pakistan. So for the Britishers, it was very important that Kalat state should join Pakistan instead of being independent so that would favor much more. So from here, a game starts to deal with this complex situation in which the Khan of Kalat gets stuck. What happens is, when the Britishers were leaving undivided India then there were two concerned parties of India & Pakistan i.e. Jinnah's Muslim League & Nehru Ji's Congress to claim undivided India. These two parties had to talk among each other and decide who'll take how much part of this undivided India. But if it is legally proved that this Kalat state isn't a part of the British empire it was taken under the British empire for some time on lease. For which, the Britishers used to give money annually. So after the Britishers left, the claim of India & Pakistan over Kalat state would end. And Pakistan decided that anyhow, before the Britishers leave, this Kalat state would be declared as an independent state because as soon as Kalat state is declared as an independent state India's claim would end over the Kalat state. And later on Pakistan, whenever it wants, it would take Kalat state under it. Now your question would be, how was Pakistan so sure that after the Britishers leave, Kalat state would join it. Then this area of British Balochistan, which was taken on lease by the Britishers - it would be given to Pakistan as it is with lease, after the Britishers would leave. The Britishers had already stated it. Because firstly, the Muslim population was in majority here. Secondly, it didn't share a border with India. So this pink area of British Balochistan, the ongoing lease would be continued by Pakistan as it is, after the Britishers leave. The light green area that you can see, the chiefs who were related to the Kalat state but they ran their own region separately and Jinnah had bonded well with these chiefs. Jinnah had somehow convinced these chiefs, that after the Britishers leave, Pakistan will become an Islamic country and if you'll join Pakistan, then firstly, you'll get your autonomy. Rest, your identity and culture would be added to Pakistan and run more freely. And the chiefs were somewhere being influenced by this statement of Jinnah because the Kalat state, the dark green area, their leaders were talking about making Kalat state a secular country. So with these things, Jinnah was confident that once it was legally separated from the influence of India then the Kalat state would be easily taken under their control. And since this thing by Pakistan suited the Britishers as well, even they were in favor of it, indirectly. So after this, Jinnah supported the Khan of Kalat's vision that it should be like an independent country when the Britishers leave. Jinnah said that, Kalat state doesn't have any link with the Britishers they had just signed a lease and treaty. That's why Kalat state should be an independent country. Now after listening to Jinnah's statement, the Khan of Kalat becomes very happy that he is the only person, who is supporting me. Now Jinnah was also a lawyer, so the Khan of Kalat Mir Ahmad Yar Khan, made Jinnah the legal advisor of the entire Kalat state in the year 1946. The Khan of Kalat gave Jinnah the responsibility that Kalat state should be an independent state. You'll present this case in front of the Britishers. And as soon as Jinnah is appointed as the legal advisor then in March 1946, Jinnah made a memorandum in which everything was mentioned that Kalat state is related to the Britishers with a treaty & lease agreement. And even the reference of the entire treaty was added. And it was demanded in this memorandum that when the Britishers leave, then Kalat state should be an independent state. And all this was formed & submitted to the cabinet mission of the Britishers. And when this memorandum was submitted, then this discussion started that this Kalat state will be independent after the Britishers leave. And then after this, the British Balochistan area that they took on lease from the Khan of Kalat they thought that they would give it to Pakistan when they leave so the Britishers started working even for that. On 29th June, 1947 the Shahi Jirga tribe of this area which wasn't an elected body but the Britishers had appointed them for different work so somewhere or the other, they were loyal to the Britishers and worked according to them. They called them & the area of British Balochistan i.e. the Quetta area along with its non-official members of the municipality & held a voting that where should the British Balochistan be added. Now the leadership of Kalat state were very angered regarding this voting as they didn't include any leadership of Kalat, no referendum was taken & held voting in the entire state without their permission and when the result of this voting was declared, it was decided that after the Britishers leave this area of British Balochistan which was taken by the Britishers on lease would be given as it is to Pakistan. Now regarding this, the Baloch tribe, the area of the Kalat region opposed it a lot. They told that, the Britishers had taken it on lease, so there was no owner of this area so with what right can they give this area on lease to Pakistan. So when all these things were going on, then comes the date - 4th August, 1947. On this day, Kalat state should have been independent - which was being discussed everywhere. And on the same day, Lord Mountbatten, Jinnah & the Khan of Kalat held a round table conference. And from here, it was decided that Kalat state will have the same status as it had in the year 1838. i.e. Kalat state will be independent. Now the decision made by everyone, the Khan of Kalat was very happy with this, he said that - Do one more thing. We should sign a written agreement as well that Kalat state would be independent. Now this written agreement would create problems for Pakistan, so the Britishers gave a declaration for an independent Kalat state but didn't sign the written agreement. They said that it doesn't hold any meaning now. After this, the Khan of Kalat told them to at least announce it publicly, but the Britishers denied that as well. And then the Khan of Kalat didn't make such an issue out of it that our area, our culture, our identity would now be in an independent country. And on the same day i.e. 4th August, 1947, Kalat state & Pakistan's Jinnah signed a stand-still agreement. In this agreement, Pakistan officially accepted Kalat state as an independent state. And as soon as it was done, from here India's role ends and if you look up on the internet about the date of this stand-still agreement then, at some places, it would have been written 11th August as well, but on 11th August the announcement was made. Actually, it was signed on 4th August. So Pakistan was very happy with this because it had signed the stand-still agreement and due to this, India was out of this entire game. Otherwise, if this agreement had not been signed then the Kashmir situation could have risen between India & Pakistan again. Now after the Britishers left, as India got independence on 15th August, 1947, Pakistan became a separate state, on the same day - Khan of Kalat, Mir Ahmad Yar Khan also declared its independence. And then after 1 month of this announcement i.e 12th September, 1947, the Britishers made a small official statement. They said that, Khan of Kalat, Mir Ahmad Yar Khan has announced the independence of Kalat state but Kalat state currently, is not in a situation to undertake international responsibilities. Now this statement seems very normal to listen to but it is very important. This entire statement favored in support of Pakistan. And after this statement, Pakistan started pressuring the Khan of Kalat to merge into Pakistan. Pakistan did two things. One, it started preparing to attack the Kalat state and slowly it started deploying the army. And along with it, earlier that I told - Makran, Las Bela & Kharan area along with the Kalat state whose chiefs joined hands with the Kalat state - Jinnah started talking to their leaders that "Merge yourself with Pakistan." Now looking at all these things, the Khan of Kalat immediately went to the Britishers in December 1947 that Pakistan is asking us to merge with it and planning to attack us, so we also want military support. But the Britishers clearly refused. After this, the Khan of Kalat went to Afghanistan and even India as well. But Afghanistan & India also refused to support and then, in the starting of January 1948, Pakistan talked with the leaders of Makran, Las Bela & Kharan made a deal in which, Pakistan stated that it would give them financial support, make their chiefs state-head of Pakistan. It would never tease their culture & identity. After saying all these, on 17th March, 1948 Pakistan merged them. As soon as all these chiefs joined Pakistan, the area of Kalat state was stuck from all sides. If you look at it on the map, then it became like a landlocked area. It was isolated politically entirely. Pakistan already had British Balochistan. After getting this, the entire area was undertaken by Pakistan & exactly 10 days later, Pakistan's major general Mohammad Akbar Khan started entering Kalat with Pakistan's army and Pakistan Navy's destroyers, warships were deployed at the ports of Pasni & Jiwani. And surrounding it by four sides, they took the Khan of Kalat to Karachi and made him sign the document and took the entire area under Pakistan. And now this entire area was merged into Pakistan & was named, Balochistan. Now Pakistan forced the Khan of Kalat, Mir Ahmad Yar Khan to sign the document but immediately after, a problem had started. The brother of Khan of Kalat, Prince Abdul Karim - becomes very angry that Pakistan had betrayed. So his brother gathers 100-150 people with him in April, 1948 makes a Baloch National Liberation Committee & starts a guerrilla war against the Pakistan Army. The South West Balochistan area near the Afghanistan border, Kharan Hills & Nushki Hills they gather up there & start attacking Pakistani forces back-to-back saying "Give back our state." Now although they were few in number but they knew each & every corner of this area. So however big the army was, they faced a lot of difficulty in dealing with them. 1-2 people would climb down the hill & attack and then hide in the hills. So Pakistan was fed up with this. They weren't getting any solution. Then on 8th July, 1948, Pakistani forces started talking with Prince Abdul Karim and took an oath on the Quran that - Come down & surrender. We'll forgive you. Bring down your rest of the tribes, who're up there - there won't be any problem. End this fight. Now all these people come down after listening to this because the oath on the Quran is a huge thing for Muslims. But as soon as they come down - Pakistan refuted. They caught all of them & put them in the prison of Quetta. And then on 10th December, 1948 - they were sentenced to 10 years of imprisonment. The common Baloch see this incident as a huge betrayal that how can they swear a false oath on the Quran. Now as soon as Pakistan had gotten rid of this problem on 14th October, 1955 - another problem stood before them. At that time, Pakistan was divided into two parts. One was East Pakistan i.e. Present-day Bangladesh secondly, West Pakistan. There were 4 provinces in West Pakistan Sindh province, NWFP province, Punjab province & Balochistan Province. So through the one-unit policy, Pakistan wanted to have one identity for West Pakistan, including its four provinces. And Pakistan even implemented this one-unit policy. What I mean to say is that the separate provinces which had their own separate authority & identity all of them would now run under a central authority & most of the central authority consisted of leaders from Punjab province. Now this idea of the one-unit system was a direct threat for Balochistan. The problem was that Balochistan had its own identity, history, even constitution. By implementing this one-unit system, their identity was perishing. Even their name was perishing, the one-unit policy that was brought - led their name to be West Pakistan. So the name Balochistan was officially disappearing. Now the Baloch had merged with Pakistan so that they could run their system separately. They had become second-class citizens. Their separate political representation didn't remain. Pakistan's Punjab leadership started handling everything. So the entire Balochistan was filled with protests regarding this. The chaos increased so much that as the year 1958 arrived, Pakistan had to implement martial law in this entire area. Since martial law was implemented, the people of Balochistan lost their rights as well. Now, there was a Zehri tribe in the Jhalawan region of Balochistan, where an 80-year-old man Nawab Nauroz Khan lived & he stood firm against the entire Pakistan force. And looking at Nawab Nauroz Khan the young Baloch of the surrounding areas started fighting beside him. Okay, Balochs have a specialty and which is even famous worldwide. Even if you look in today's date, whenever a revolt takes place or anything happens, then the leadership for revolt doesn't fight themselves nor do they send their children. Nor do they send their family members. Actually, poor people go to fight, but the leader of Balochs always fights at the front. They fight themselves, they even make their children & family fight. So Nawab Nauroz Khan started the revolt with his entire family. So in this way, 140 people teamed up with him & started the struggle against Pakistan. There were mountains of Koh-e-Murad, in Jehri Hills of the Jhalawan region. They hid there and in the same way, how Balochs did Guerrilla warfare until now, they would come down & attack Pakistan forces. So the same thing happened with them, Pakistan forces got anxious by fighting. So Pakistan also made a deal with them, so they said that - since you do not follow the one-unit policy, don't fight for it, we'll remove it. And we'll grant pardon to all of you. Here, they took an oath on the Quran. As soon as they came down, they were caught & put in prison and on 15th July, 1960 Nawab Nauroz Khan was hanged to d*ath with his son & others. But this angered local people even more. Small separate groups were formed in entire Balochistan. And started attacking Pakistan forces, Police force, Railway telecommunication, govt. supply - everything. In return, Pakistan conducted air-strikes as revenge. And when a deadlock-like situation was formed, because they knew every corner of the hills, it would get very difficult for Pakistan forces to fight with them. So finally, on 1st July, 1970 - General Yahya Khan ended the One-unit Policy. Now when this policy was removed, then on 7th December, 1970 - for the first time in Pakistan, general elections were to be conducted. So these general elections would be held in all the provinces even in Balochistan as well. So the Balochs voted for their local parties like NAP & JUI. And at the same time, even East Pakistan i.e. current Bangladesh, slipped out of Pakistan's hand. As soon as, East Pakistan i.e. Bangladesh separated from Pakistan - the entire constitution ended and a new constitution was to be made. So for this, the local parties of Balochistan NAP & JUI which won the election - their support was also required. A few days earlier, Bangladesh had been separated, so now Pakistan shows a bit of softness. So here, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto required the support of the parties which won in Balochistan, to make the constitution. So Zulfikar Ali Bhutto took the political parties under their influence. The leader of Balochs, Attaullah Mengal was appointed the CM of Balochistan. Ghous Bakhsh was appointed as the governor. And people who lived in different areas of Balochistan were appointed as the head of that area. Baloch became very happy with it. And winning parties of Balochs gave the type of support Pakistan required in making the constitution and after dealing with all these, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the PM of Pakistan. And a few days later i.e. 10th February, 1973 the political party of Balochistan, NAP, was banned. And a full-scale military operation was conducted. The Army was deployed at every corner of Balochistan. Bhutto said that, the political party of Balochs, NAP was doing treason & planning against Pakistan, while joining hands with other countries. And the entire military operation which was conducted in this whole area, thousands of people lost their lives, Baloch Journalists, Students, Activists, Chiefs, crackdown was imposed on everyone. Now after this, guerrilla warfare started at many places in Balochistan. Somehow, for some time Zia-ul-Haq made a basic deal & talked with all the chiefs they were given high posts in the government, so this went well for a long time. But as the year 2000 arrived, Baloch formed a strong army again. Balochistan Liberation Army - BLA. The BLA formed by Balochs was the most organized way of fighting up until now. And at the same time, there was a strategic area of Balochistan. So Pakistan made a deal with China to make a port at Gwadar. Their plan was that firstly, it'll become an international trade hub. Secondly, it'll be easier to counter India. But looking at all these things, the Baloch were becoming very frustrated. They said that, without taking any of the Balochistani leader into confidence, they started the idea of Gwadar port with the Chinese. Secondly, the jobs formed in this deal were given to the Chinese & Pakistani people from Punjab province were employed, instead of the local Baloch community. On top of that, they imposed the permanent settlement of the Army in this area & some time ago as well, Gold & Copper were found in the Chagai district of Balochistan. 412 million tons of reserves were found. Even here, Pakistan worked with Chinese engineers. Of all the profit obtained, China took away 50%, Pakistan took 48%, and Balochistan got only 2%. So looking at all these, the Balochs got very frustrated & the BLA they formed, attacked back-to-back on Gwadar port. The workers working there, the infrastructure, gas pipeline & Chinese workers all of them were attacked. Then in the future, even CPEC was started, where Pakistan invested $60 billion along with China. The plan was to start Roads, Railway, Energy pipelines, Fiber optics Special economic zones from China's Kashgar to Gwadar port & it was said that, Balochistan will become Dubai. But even here, it had the same problem. The Baloch were ignored here. Firstly, land was bought from local Baloch for less money. Instead of employing local people, Chinese were kept, people from Punjab province came. Permanent Army was kept, fishermen were removed, and they even lost their employment. So this entire Gwadar port, CPEC & all the systems which were going on, the BLA made so much damage to that, in the coming years, so many Chinese died in Balochistan. The condition was such that, China itself said that if we've to complete this CPEC, then we'll have to send our own army. Now fighting till 2018, the Balochs had understood one thing that the separate groups we're making and fighting for our different interests, doing Guerrilla warfare. This will lead to our own damage. We should be united because we're demanding for a separate country. So we should be united. We should have a separate army, only then we'll defeat Pakistan and separate Balochistan. So they formed - BRAS - Baloch Raji Aajoi Sangar. Which is a structure, basically, all the fighters of Balochistan, fighter groups, small people who made separate groups and attacked Pakistan - all of them were gathered. High profile attacks were conducted in a coordinated way, which caused a lot of damage. They put all the projects of CPEC to a halt by k**lling the Chinese. And in this year, as 2025 arrived - after making BRAS, they have increased the frequency of attacks. This year, BRAS had - Baloch National Army. Formed BNA - they assumed themselves as a country and are fighting with Pakistan like a country. This BNA caused a lot of damage. It conducted a total of 72 coordinated attcs on Pakistan forces. Due to which it doesn't seem like, a small guerrilla warfare is being done. It seems that armies of two countries are fighting face to face. Now, a few days earlier on 11th March 2025, Pakistan's Jaffar Express train was passing by from Quetta to Peshawar. 450 people were there. As soon as the train reaches Golan Pass, they had placed 8 kg of IED B*mb on the tracks. And as soon as the blast happened, the train derailed from the track. As soon as the train got derailed, BLA's fighters captured the entire train. Women, Children & the Baloch community were left, but others were kept hostage and captured the entire train. Now when this incident occurred, then Pakistan said that, they should leave their political prisoners in 48 hours. But when they weren't released, then Pakistan launched an operation. The operation went for a long time. Then Pakistan said that, 64 people lost their lives in this operation. BLA said that - they had k**led more than 50 army officers of Pakistan. Now after this attack, the condition has gotten worse in this region. The security has been increased in this entire region. Pakistan has increased the presence of the Army. Drones are flying in the entire region & the biggest problem for Pakistan at this time is that they aren't able to understand that should they fight against the Baloch with weapons? Should they stop like this or should they make political dialogues with them? And many more equations are going on in this. The strategic location of Balochistan is very important. It shares its border with Iran & Afghanistan. Even foreign players have entered in it, who are supporting Balochistan. India-Pakistan are already thirsty for each other's bl**d, but even the US's name is coming up in it. Balochistan will become a very important player to counter Iran & Afghanistan - if it separates from Pakistan. Now time will tell, what'll happen in the future. But at this particular time, the trouble that Pakistan faced from the Balochs, it had never faced the same in its history. 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