Hi, Hello, Yeah, Welcome to my second lecture and which is about the size data processing workflow and also using the software. So in the previous video we have discussed about the size data acquisition processing flows and some of the example which was shown from the field data and how we do the processing of that data. So today what we are going to do is we we are going to use the software for data processing reflection data processing and we'll show you some of the example and and also doing the cyber data processing. So before we start the software we I would like to give you a small introduction how we use the software and what are the function which can be used for processing. so we will be following one of the tutorial a which is 2d processing and the data name is 20 short line so this tutorial a files are stored in the directory tutorial a under the processing software directory so these are files stored in the directory so we have the input data set which is called 20 short 20 cmb which is compressed to the short line so if we have dot cmp file so it's mean you have to uncompress the file to segue but fortunately i have given i have provided you the segue file so you don't need to uncompress the file just upload directly the segue file and the second thing which we will be using in for the processing workflow is at the flow which is provided in the directory a lot of workflows which we will be using so the mainly we will be using s20 velocity analysis workflow and some other workflow which we already been applied so like s20 sequential flow simple scaling for three input shortcut 107 or 08 which this one would be using And also the root stack with 2D reflection static will be applied for this using this work. So these are quite helpful workflows which you no need to design by yourself. So this one is provided. So you can load this flow and give input data. Then define your processes and you can get the output of this. So, there are seven main section which we will be doing in this lab. So, the first thing is initialization of the project. So, I will give you a small demo on that. Then we'll show you some of the command and flow window processing data, directory windows, hand equations, header equations and seismic window display, how we use the plot control and header view. and finally followed by the reflection starting so the first thing is how we start up the software as mentioned in the this slide so we need to go to the processing software folder and need to double click on the Easter egg so over here and go So, you just have to click OK and close these steps. So now we need to see how we can define the new project or initialize the project. So over here you can go into the file. If you are doing a new project, see new project. So, here is a tutorial project. So you have to make a folder like class test I have made. So let me rewrite this. So you can name the name test 2. You can say save. Now you have to define the title of the project. The project title is Processing Lab. The project is 20 short line. The location is Malaysia. The project is a project called or you can define ERA ERA offshore So it will be defined like this So now you can choose project type, is it a 2D survey or 3D survey and what type of unit you want to use or use data process in the acquisition So now you will use 2D survey and the unit will be meter. Say ok. So here as I mentioned initially you need to do the demultiplexing but we don't have that so you have to click on this and you can add your seismic data. once you click and hold so this is the sign for add sag by data sorry go so the data is on tutorial a and t-shirt line so here it will show you how you can what are the things you can see from the data so the start time on the data is zero and and number of sample is 1000, sampling rate is 2 ms and total traces are 2400. So these are the real headers. We want to see abgaski, abcdic. We can see the binary header. trace header data in progress program once you have load the data you have to hit ok so it will show you trace sequential number This is the name of the headers. What is the minimum and maximum value? So if we talk about the trace function number, minimum value is 1 in 2400. This is the number of total traces. So you can close this window. Now, if you want to see your data, you can click here. And the data will display on your screen. So you can see your data. So this is about initialization of the project. So the second thing we already done is initialization of the project. We have known 20 short CLP. We didn't go for uncompressed file but we go directly. So now I will show you some of the flow and command window. So, you can get this flow and command window from the job flow, Western Command Windows. Here I will show you some of the window. So we have input data, output data, create data, geometry, trace edit, scaling, filtering and so on. So mainly we will be using our input output exactly what we have to use. Then the second thing what we will be using is sorry I can close this one so here you can see clearly we have scaling filtering resample deconvolution so these are the job flow which we can insert to design our workflow we have stack many commands we have here and the third thing is a dictionary window input transfer formula so normally the standard supplied Vista dictionary will correctly handle 99% of all data so normally in the Vista dictionary what we do is In Vista Direct Dictionary, we can change any type of header format from another header format data. So, I will show you one example here. so this is a part where you can choose the dictionary desired dictionaries here we have used the standard and dictionary so second thing is we can select the item register header by clicking in this area this area and select the item by clicking this area also you can click this area create equation from here i will show you the software as well then select data type which type of data you want to use if you want to change integer manager data or and also you can change the byte location from one location to another byte location i will show you in the software as well let me close this dictionary add a dictionary transfer so as i mentioned that you can change what type of dictionary you want to use so you will be using standard segway dictionary this is a segway header seismic ibm so many type of dictionary we have segway header seismic ibm So, but here we will be using standard set by digital. As I mentioned that you can choose this panel, this panel. So either you want to choose long integer, integer, short. floating point or anything you can choose here and location byte so you can change the location of byte from 21 to 121 and byte size you can change from two to four four to two any other location you can change and another interesting thing is i'll show you here so yeah Header equation, you can define the header equation. So when you click in the small checkbox just to the right dictionary name, you will be allowed to enter a definition mapping. For this item by definition, by defining it as a combination of other headers, items and arithmetic request. So, I will show you this step one is you have to click on to this box. So here you have already one of the equations multiply cos10 by 0.1. But in this like with the trace equation number we don't have any. add an equation so here you can choose the constant you want to add the constant multiply the constant or whatever you want to do so let's say we can 8 add 10 add constant or subtract either you want to choose so we want to add increment non-increment so you see okay Then you hit OK. So your trace equation will have add constant time each traces. So now your first trace will become 10 trace, time will become 20 or 100 will be 110. so this is a flow which I have shown you already so in this case we can would multiply to the trace sequence number so the fifth tool of very interesting tool is a plot command now This is really very interesting feature which is used for controlling your seismic data. So this can be opened in a righty-o-way, right click from the input icon and flow window, choose the window display, and pull down this and interactive the top menu, I will show you the software as well. So over here you can see we have, we can close this window. so I'll let me close this one discard because we don't want to save it so here you can go and press this button This is a seismic display. So here the short order data will be shown here. So the first is a seismic data plot parameter which we will be discussing in. So here you can see a lot of options. So the first one is a view, number of view 1, horizontal view, vertical view, any type of view. and this the second is option in this we can change the display like you want to change the variable density so you can change the display but for now we will be using variable area It's not too big. We go to the superior area. This one looks quite okay. So the third parameter, the annotation parameter, in this you can change and you can see how many how many header information you want to see in a display. So here we are showing the short point number and channel number. you want to do up down you can choose now the channel number will show on the top and show number at the bottom so it's not a big deal if you want to add you can add let's miss one below So now you apply, so you have been number 1 visible here. In display option you can see how many parts you want to see, how many traces you want to see the window, vertical what is the window and offset as well. So short display you can see the processes, scaling, coloring. that trace over key and timing lines so these are the timing lines you want to change the pinch in any color up to you I see the line means you let's say you want to do the right so so the second is if you want to add a note let's see this before when this and not will be doing one with you and when you want to see, when you want to do ink load, you can do it as well. So this is the color display or the scale, color bar scale. So here it will show red is your positive and blue is negative. So the blue one we haven't filled it. So we can fill it. just double click to resume it so you can close this display in the view option you can see refresh color current screen display full zoom you can capture you can print either any part you can do it okay Let's move to the graph. Annotation parameter display is done. So now we use the interactive tool which is very essential for seismic data processing which is trace scale, reverse polarity, muting from top bottom or surgical muting and first break picking and the time gate. So, usually the tracekill command is used to reboot the trace which is affected by the noise or not a desired trace in the data. I will show you in the software how we do that. So, this is your tracekill icon. here we will go into the click trace skill now you pick the data for trace skill so what we are doing here is we are going to build this one 3,4 on this display like this one you think this trace is not ok we need to zoom it in actually I will kill the race. should be this is not ok. I will kill the race. you can see this one is already. the very good desire point is here. so this race is not desire. you can kill this race. So the second one is reverse polarity. and normally in the seismic reflection we have the reverse polarity for dhi but in processing what we are doing we are dealing with the reverse polarity normally it is very bad when we have like i show you one example if we have this reverse polarity let's say this is a positive and here is the negative polarity so in that case once we extract the data it will become zero so we will have no amplitude so that that's why we use reverse polarity to kill the reverse polarity so like picking the trees with reverse polarity let me see if there is some good example yeah this one so let me zoom it in first this one, so we can change the polarity to the right. So in this case, this will become the positive amplitude. It will not affect by any other data. Okay, so the sixth thing is a very important thing which is mute. So this mute command is used to kill either dot, bottom, surgical trace mute. In case of linear noise which is consistent and visible in the short data, we can use this. operator and also in case of single trace killing this is very essential so let's move to the software I will show you how we kill the trace just close this by so this is a new pattern now first I will show you the bottom here Let's say we remove here. So let's say we are not required this data below this F touch. This data will be removed or mute. Then in case of some area where we have noise because of the streamer here such as this one, this trace, we can move the top one here. And in this case I will take one of the first break or first arrival. So the first arrival is removed and you see the trace was here also removed. And another thing is the surgical mute which is very important. Let me apply on a new data. So this one we don't want to save. So now we go to the mute, the surgical, surgical mute. As I mentioned, this is a ground roll. So by using the surgical we can remove this ground hold noise. So you see quite good. So now we do the stacking it will be perfect. And also we want to do a single trace surgical move between all the tissues. This way. You see this one traces, but in this trace only this part is removed, but this part has left behind. This is called surgical single trace build. So here is an example of top surgical trace smooth and this is a very good example. Over here we can use all of these muting from top, let's say bottom surgical as well single trace surgical. So now we will move into the first break picking which is very essential in seismology. The first break picking is the detecting or picking the onset arrival of reflected signal from all the signal received by the source array and produced by a particular source signal generation. And it is also called first arrival picking or first break detection. Okay, we'll move to the first brick picking first. So here we will go and close it and open a new dataset. So this is the icon for first brick picking. So once we have activated it. So here you can go manual first brick picking. So you see this black dot is the first break, first arrival in the data. We can close it and then move to the next shot from here. So you can see the black dot can be picked and first arrival. Then put the third short gather data. So here is another option. So now we will be using manual first break picking. The second is manual first break pick with the pilot trace and the third thing is auto pick current record or auto pick for all the record. For the sake of understanding we can use auto pick all record. There is some problem. Let me reopen it. Let's break the door. So normally the auto pick manual auto pick will be working but there is some error. So now we can do the manual spread picking by the pilot plot. So here you can see. You just have to click on the top it will be picking automatically. Or you can choose auto pick. manual brake right here you can see these are the first brake that we pick by manual brake and here and so on and also from this option you can choose either you want to use you want to pick the peak drop or up to zero or up to zero so it's mean right now we are using we are picking the peak of amplitude So after this you can use this button to plot xtview for spread peak. So currently we have peak only with 2. So that's why this is showing like this. But in actual it will be looking like this. So over here let's say you have some problem here. So this one is not picked well. So then you can go back and re-pick the first brick. and the another thing is time gate and get is a function which works to create a certain range of time window to apply any deconvolution of data such as signal to noise ratios so I will show you an example here and if you want to save any task before going you can go and hit the save for spirit pic or any time once you go to the save you can use this file as a first-grade picking file so there is a lot of files each each step of the project you can save but right now in this lecture i'm not saving anything So now we can use this plant to open title. So I have to show you the time gate. How does it work? So this is the time gate. Let's say we want to. Option time gate, a type of gate color we want to use at the top bottom definition short line number. Here you can choose the top. So let's say we want to use on this part. Double click to remove. And this is the bottom I want to choose. Then you can just delete time gate and save time gate file. So this part will be saved separately and you can use any type of operator here in this case. So these are the seismic header view which can be. plot it against any data that you size data. So, close this one and reopen the size data again. And then here you can write clips. So here we are talking about view added seismic header. So you can right click on the data and click on the view added seismic header. So now you have the trace number. Then trace sequential number is the same. Then you can add channel number. CRP, CRP number and offset. So now you can plot two of the parameter like this. I will write this separately. So here you can see CMP number from 0 to 50, 100, how it is being changed. and offset also you can see from 0 to 1000 then it's extending from 500 to 1500 and the last offset is the maximum offset this is a very good option to see and visualize your data So like seismic window display this window can be opened from variety of window in Vista. It perform many useful function with header value. The column of header values may be moved, delete and change in the size as shown. So now the first introduction of the software has been done and I am showing you how we can pick the first break and first reflection static so now the first experiment which will be done is a reflection static so this lab work will be given to you for doing the reflection static of the data so these are the procedure which is mentioned here now you have to pick the first break For short 20 raw stack data, raw data set and use reflection static window. Activate from interactive reflection static as I mentioned. And now in this case you have to process all this data and you have to save the static value to the vista header word. And then add static sh command to flowchart. or the brute stack and recompute the brute stack with the static after an operation. Note, make sure you pick the same static header words that you originally saved the static to compute the result with and without static.