GD Script: Getting Started

Introduction

• GD Script is an object-oriented, imperative, and gradually typed programming language, similar to Python.
• Specifically designed for Godot.
• This tutorial covers concepts from variables and conditionals to inheritance and signals.
• The video is divided into clearly named sections that serve as a reference manual.

Creating a Test Scene

• Creating a node and renaming it to "Main".
• Save as scene and add a script.
• The ready() function is used as the game start point.
• Use print() to display messages in the console.
• Indentation and case sensitivity are important.

Modifying Nodes Through Script

• Add a "Label" node and modify its properties like text and modulate.
• Drag and drop nodes into the ready() function to create references.
• Change colors using modulate.

Handling Input

• Create input actions in the project settings.
• input(event) function to handle inputs.
• Use event.is_action_pressed() and event.is_action_released() to detect keys pressed and released.

Variables and Operations

• Define variables with var and initialize values.
• Arithmetic operations: +=, -=, *=, /=, etc.
• Use if and else control structures to handle game logic.

Code Comments

• Use # to add comments and explain parts of the code.
• Can also be used to temporarily disable parts of the code.

Advanced Variables

• Scope of variables: global vs. local.
• Data types: bool, int, float, string, and type casting.
• Optional static typing for stronger type safety.
• Use export to expose variables in the inspector.
• Constants: Use const to define immutable values.

Functions

• Definition: Use func to define reusable functions.
• Parameters and Returns: Functions can take arguments and return values using return.
• Static typing is also applicable to parameters and return values.

Random Numbers

• Functions like randf() and rand_range() to get random numbers.
• Use for probabilities and assigning different random values.

Arrays and Loops

• Arrays: Creating and managing lists of elements with indices.
• For and While Loops: Code repetition using for and while.
• Use break and continue in loops for flow control.

Dictionaries

• Concept of key-value pairs for storing relational data.
• Accessing and modifying values using keys.
• Nesting dictionaries and arrays within dictionaries.

Enums and Match Statements

• Use enums to define states or labels in the game.
• Match Statements to execute different code blocks based on enum values.

Advanced Node Modification

• onready to ensure a node exists before referencing it.
• Use export to reference nodes from the inspector.
• Type checking using is keyword.

Signals

• Signals: Messages that nodes can send and listen to for events.
• Connecting and disconnecting signals from the interface and through code.
• Passing parameters through signals.

Getters and Setters

• Getters and Setters: Control how a variable is accessed and modified.
• Clamping values and emitting signals in setters.

Classes and Instances

• Classes: Templates for creating objects with common properties and methods.
• Instances: Specific versions of a class with unique values.
• Use extends to inherit functionalities from other classes.

Inner Classes and Composition

• Inner classes to group related variables and functions within another class.
• Composition: Sometimes preferred over inheritance for code structure.

Best Practices

• Call Down, Signal Up: Recommended practice for communication between nodes.
• Code Style: Follow style guides to keep code readable and maintainable.

This is a comprehensive summary of the GD Script tutorial covered in the video. Be sure to review each section and practice the examples for a deeper understanding.