Week 1: The Nurse's Role in Adult Health Nursing

Introduction

• Lecture by IET Claudo, Masters in Nursing Education, RN
• Focus: Definition and history of nursing

What is Nursing?

• Nursing as an art and science
  • Art: Therapeutic communication, personal style, developing trust
  • Science: Diagnosis and treatment of human responses
• ANA (American Nursing Association) definition:
  • Diagnosis and treatment of human responses
  • Advocacy in care of individuals, families, groups, communities
  • Recognition of connection of all humanity

Nursing Process and Clinical Judgment (ADPIE)

• A: Assessment
  • Assess patient, family, caregivers, group, or community
• D: Diagnosis
  • Analyze collected data, arrive at a nursing diagnosis
• P: Plan of Care
  • Develop a plan with goal setting and prioritization
• I: Intervention
  • Perform interventions based on clinical judgment
• E: Evaluation
  • Evaluate responses to interventions

Nursing Responsibilities

• Integrate art and science of caring
• Protect, promote, and optimize health and human functioning
• Prevent illness and injury
• Facilitate healing
• Alleviate suffering

Nursing Student Role in Nursing 100

• Build knowledge base related to Med-Surg
• Make thoughtful decisions to promote patient outcomes
• Focus: Assessment, clinical manifestation, nursing actions, considerations

Scope of Practice

• Delineates actions legally permitted for the profession
• Consider whether actions are within scope of practice

Clinical Reasoning Model (NextGen NCLEX)

• Step 1: Recognizing Cues
  • Gather information from various sources
• Step 2: Analyzing Cues
  • Organize and link recognized cues
• Step 3: Prioritizing Hypotheses
  • Evaluate and rank hypotheses by priority
• Step 4: Generating Solutions
  • Develop a set of interventions
• Step 5: Taking Action
  • Implement solutions addressing highest priorities
• Step 6: Evaluating Outcomes
  • Compare observed outcomes against expected outcomes

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• Prioritize using ABC's (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
• Followed by Maslow's Hierarchy: Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Self-Esteem, Self-Actualization

Delegation

• RN to LPN, LPN to UAP
• RN responsible for actions and outcomes of delegated tasks
• Five Rights of Delegation: Task, Circumstances, Person, Directions, Supervision

Regulatory Bodies and Legal Considerations

• ANA, State Nursing Practice Act, OSHA, The Joint Commission, DPH, CMS
• Importance of following laws and regulations
• Scope of Practice vs. interventions for specific diagnoses

Ethical and Legal Issues

• Ethical dilemmas in nursing
• Legal responsibilities and client rights
• Advanced directives and informed consent

Substance Abuse and Nursing

• High levels of stress lead to substance use
• Signs include withdrawal, frequent absences, performance decline

Health Education

• Defined as a primary nursing responsibility
• Enables control over health and promotes self-care
• Important for chronic illness and disabilities

Health Promotion

• Emphasizes wellness, self-care, and proactive health strategies
• Strategies: Screenings, genetic testing, health monitoring, risk reduction

Teaching and Learning in Nursing

• Importance of the learning environment
• Timing and teaching techniques
• Using evidence-based practice for accurate health education

Cultural Competence

• Influence of immigration and aging population on healthcare
• Need for culturally competent nursing care

Models of Nursing Care

• Patient and family-centered care
• Learning environment and teaching techniques

Conclusion

• Overview of nursing roles, responsibilities, ethical/legal considerations
• Emphasis on education, patient care, and adherence to regulations