foreign foreign hi guys it's me Professor D and welcome back to my YouTube channel on this video I'm going to continue my series on sexually transmitted infections and I'm going to be covering syphilis before I get started as always I'm going to ask you to please support me and my channel by liking this video gonna love it so press that like button now subscribe to my channel if you haven't done so already and don't forget I have audio lessons available on my website nexusnursinginstitute.com all right guys so let's get started I'm going to make this a little bit larger for you take a look syphilis now it's a sexually transmitted um bacterial infection that can cause serious long-term complications if not treated effectively so one bacterial infection this is an infection that a 299 uh antibiotic can clear up but if the problem with syphilis is that uh many patients who are infected with syphilis won't even know that they have syphilis until it's too late so even though an antibiotic that's less than five dollars could clear this up a lot of patients that have syphilis and they're they don't get the antibiotics that they need they end up dying from this disorder from this disease and it's not a fun disease to have okay it has some very serious long-term complications so let's talk about it let's talk about the etiology and patho so it's transmitted via direct contact with syphilitic lesions this is what's known as canker oh I forgot to put my phone on silent give me a second guys when you guys see that word canker automatically I need syphilis to be at the foremost of your for not foremost Forefront of your brain okay it's um you'll see the patient will have a lesion that's known as a canker and it can occur externally on the genitals the anus the lips or internally in the vagina the rectum mouth or tongue now take a look down here look at this an infected pregnant woman can transmit syphilis to her fetus during pregnancy and they're at high risk for stillbirth or having babies who develop complications after birth including seizures and death clinical manifestations signs and symptoms and remember guys a big problem is that with syphilis it's Insidious so you know the patient may be into asymptomatic or they might not even know that they have syphilis look at this it says syphilis is called the Great Pretender why it can infect many organs in the body and present itself in a variety of signs and symptoms that might mimic another disease so you'll see a cluster of signs and symptoms what do we know that as a syndrome and we may think it's another disorder that's going on with the patient and the whole time it's syphilis syphilis is more difficult to recognize compared to all the other STDs syphilis is very hard to recognize okay remember how at the very beginning we saw it noted that there are very serious complications of syphilis look at what I wrote here if no antibiotic treatment if they're if they don't if the patient does not get treated with antibiotics look at this complications of the disease occur mostly in late syphilis the gamas of the late syphilis May produce irreparable damage to the skin bone liver so we can see in cardiovascular syphilis the patient can have aneurysms scar scarring of the aortic valves neurosyphilis will see that it'll invade the patient's central nervous system look they can have visual impairment they have dementia I'm going to move on to the next page and guys if you notice that on my videos lately it looks a little bit different with the camera the reason for that is when I used to you know go over the book I used to just have the book lying down flat but now I I have really bad pain in my neck and I just can't look down anymore so I have to use a book elevator so I'm still learning how to manipulate the camera so you guys can see still see what I'm looking at without looking down okay okay again cankers remember when you see cankers that's the type of lesion I want you to think of syphilis those cankers on the genitalia enhances HIV transmission if a patient tests positive for syphilis go ahead and test them for HIV okay look what it says patients with HIV and syphilis appear to be at greatest risk for clinically significant CNS involvement and may require more intensive treatment than other patients with syphilis diagnostic studies blood tests vdrl depth of venereal disease research lab that's an rpr rapid plasma reagent and this rpr that's the most common test that is done for syphilis management we're up here look at the management antibiotic therapy penicillin G benzathine okay now if that patient is allergic to penicillin can we give them something like a cephalosporin absolutely not remember if they're allergic to penicillin we're not giving them a cephalosporin and they're allergic excuse me to cephalospora we're not giving them a penicillin because of possible um cross allergy so um we give penicillin for um for this disease but if the patient is allergic it's going to be obviously it's going to be contraindicated what are we going to give doxycycline if the patient's allergic to penicillin our go-to is going to be doxycycline when it comes to this okay what else are we going to do confidential counseling and testing for HIV infection repeat of non what does it say non-trib I have no idea this word right here tests okay repeat of the test in 6 and 12 months we need to make sure that this patient um that this bacterial infection has been cleared and that they don't get reinfected I don't have the time now but someone look up that word tell me what it means in the comment section non-trip tropunamo I can tell you that we do have to retest them all right drug therapy again penicillin G that is the recommended antibiotic that the patient gets but if they're allergic they're going to get doxycycline when penicillin is contraindicated doxycycline or tetracycline may be used let me ask you something if we're given tetracycline and the woman is of child-bearing age what are we going to look at before she gets there we're going to look at that HCG we're going to make sure she's not pregnant right right all sexual contacts from preceding 90 days should be treated presumptively so we don't have to confirm that they have it we don't have to confirm they have syphilis if they had sexual contact with those people we should go ahead and just give them antibiotics presumptively re-examination and follow-up testing is recommended every six months for up to two years objective data this is measurable measurable uh um assessment information that you can see in that patient with syphilis for NCLEX purposes painless not only do they have a canker it's painless painless canker you better be thinking of syphilis okay because guess what look at a genital herpes they're going to have Painful genital or anal look at the word vesicular when you see that word vesicular you need to think of viral infections and we know that syphilis is what bacterial infection okay so pain is canker syphilis painful vesicular lesion herpes genital warts look at this multiple gray or white genital anal warts and usually for testing purposes they'll be described as cauliflower it looks like a cauliflower lesions when you see cauliflower like lesions you need to be thinking of genital warts possible uh diagnostic findings now this I've already covered on my other videos when I've gone over the different sexual transmitted infections so I'm not going to repeat that let's look at some nursing interventions be prepared to discuss safer sex practices with all patients not only those who are perceived to be at risk these practices include abstinence not having sexual intercourse monogamy having sexual intercourse with just one person avoiding high-risk sexual behaviors and the correct use of condoms that barrier method and other barriers with every every single sexual contact sexual abstinence is the only certain method for avoiding all sexual transmit infections but few people consider that to be a feasible alternative to sexual expression measures to prevent sexual infection sexually transmitted infection you're going to encourage patients to take notice of the sexual partner's genitalia yeah turn on the lights look down there take a look before sex pay attention to any discharge sores blisters rashes remind patients that most sexually transmitted infections may have no symptoms but they can still be transmitted proper use of a condom provides a highly effective mechanical barrier to infection refusing sexual activity with any partner who will not use a condom is a safe and legitimate option one more thing let's take a look at this box sexually transmit infections so when teaching the patient with sexually transmitted infections you want to explain precautions to take such as using condoms and other barrier methods look at what they say with every single sexual contact again be monogamous only have sex with one person ask potential Partners about their sexual history as potential Partners if they've been tested for sexual transmitted infections avoid sex with Partners who use IV drugs or who have visible oral inguinal gentle gentle genital perennial or anal lesions this is a biggie look at this voiding and washing genitalia and surrounding area after sex immediately after sex why you want to flush out some of those um uh pathogens organisms that can expose the patient to expose you to uh infection explain the importance of taking all antibiotics or antiviral agents as prescribed teach them the need for treatment of sexual partners because guess what if they're the only ones taking the medication and they go have sex with a partner they're going to reinfect themselves so everyone needs to be treated and struck patients to abstain from sexual intercourse during treatment and to use condoms or other barrier methods when sexually when sexual activities resume to prevent again spread of sexual transmit infection or reinfection and guys that is your syphilis in a nutshell this video is a little weird because if you watch my other video from before yes work is still being done in my studio so I am down here in the living room I have it's that's what it is until it gets done so um I wanted to make it work because I didn't want to wait until it was done in order to make more videos for you guys so please uh forgive me for it but I really wanted to make sure that I still was able to produce content for you let me know what you guys thought about this video let me know what you'd like to see me cover next um don't forget I have audio lessons available on my website nexusnursinginstitute.com and almost daily you guys can watch me cover a variety of nursing topics on my other social media platforms such as Tick Tock Instagram and Facebook thank you so much for watching this video and you guys catch me on the next video foreign