Computer Peripherals

Definition of Peripheral Devices

• A peripheral device is connected to a computer but is not part of the core architecture.
• Core elements of a computer:
  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Power Supply
  • Motherboard
  • Computer Case
• Everything else, including hard drives and RAM, can be considered peripheral devices in a narrow definition.
• Common understanding includes only external devices that expand functionality.

Functionality of Peripheral Devices

• Peripheral devices depend on the computer system to function (e.g., printers).
• Examples of peripheral devices:
  • Input Devices: Mouse, Keyboard
  • Output Devices: Monitor, Printer
  • Storage Devices: Hard Drive, Flash Drive
• Some devices can serve multiple roles (e.g., CD-ROM drive can both read and write).

Categories of Peripheral Devices

1. Input Devices
   • Examples: Mouse, Keyboard
2. Output Devices
   • Examples: Monitor, Printer
3. Storage Devices
   • Examples: Hard Drive, Flash Drive

Internal vs. External Peripherals

• External Peripherals: Connected using cables (e.g., printers, scanners).
• Internal Peripherals: Integrated within the computer (e.g., optical disk drives, sound cards).
  • Also known as integrated peripherals.
• Note: For desktops, peripherals like keyboard and monitor are easily replaceable, whereas for laptops they are built-in.

Importance of Peripherals

• Some peripherals, like printers, can be disconnected without affecting the computer's core function.
• Others, like monitors, are essential for operation.

Connections for Peripheral Devices

• Wired Connections:
  • Use cables and connectors (e.g., USB is the most common).
• Wireless Connections:
  • No cables required.
  • Common types include:
    • Bluetooth: Short-range (e.g., wireless mouse, keyboard).
    • Wi-Fi: Long-range (e.g., wireless printing).

Examples of Peripheral Devices

• Microphone
• Webcam
• Headphones
• External Hard Drives
• Flash Drives

Conclusion

• Computer peripherals expand the functionality of a computer.
• Essential peripherals (monitor, keyboard) allow for basic operation, while others serve specialized purposes.