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ML Learning Roadmap 2025

Aug 9, 2025

Overview

This lecture outlines a modern, step-by-step approach to learning machine learning (ML) in 2025, emphasizing practical skills, foundational math, key resources, and the importance of building projects and sharing your work.

Step 1: Learn Python Basics

  • Python is the main programming language in machine learning.
  • Focus on understanding lists, dictionaries, for loops, if-else statements, list comprehensions, and class inheritance.
  • Use free resources like YouTube and Google to start learning Python and always code along.
  • Build simple projects for practice, such as calculators or games, but don't spend too long at this stage.

Step 2: Understand Essential Math

  • Most ML requires basic undergraduate-level math, not advanced topics.
  • Learn derivatives, vectors, matrices, and core probability theory concepts (especially Bayes' Rule).
  • Pick up useful math tricks (logarithm and summation rules) as needed.
  • Recommended resource: "Why Machines Learn" book for intuitive, ML-focused math explanations.
  • Supplement with YouTube videos, Google searches, and LLMs, but verify information.

Step 3: Study Classical Machine Learning

  • Classical ML is foundational and should not be skipped.
  • Use Andrew Ng’s Machine Learning Specialization to learn models like logistic regression, decision trees, and recommendation systems.
  • Gain practical experience by coding and implementing ML pipelines with tools like TensorFlow.

Step 4: Learn Deep Learning

  • Decide between an applied path (quick job-readiness) or a theoretical path (in-depth understanding, research).
  • For applied learning, complete Deep Learning Specialization by Andrew Ng and watch Stanford’s CS25 series for Transformers.
  • For in-depth learning, use the free book "Understanding Deep Learning" for theory, exercises, and a comprehensive curriculum.

Step 5: Build Projects & Practice

  • Practical experience is crucial; start with beginner Kaggle projects using libraries like NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib.
  • Gradually move to more advanced projects and consider re-implementing ML research papers as you progress.
  • Reading papers and examining others’ code enhances understanding and skill.

Step 6: Showcase Your Work

  • Document and share your learning and projects through blog posts, LinkedIn, or demo websites.
  • Writing about your work can lead to valuable opportunities (internships, networking).
  • Advanced: Write up and publish papers as your skills grow.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Python — A popular programming language for ML due to its readability and libraries.
  • Derivative — A measure of how a function changes as its input changes.
  • Vector/Matrix — Structures representing sets of numbers, essential for data representation in ML.
  • Probability Theory — Math field covering likelihood and uncertainty, core for ML.
  • Transformer Architecture — A modern deep learning model, crucial for advanced ML applications.
  • Kaggle — An online platform for ML competitions and sharing data science projects.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Search for a beginner Python tutorial and code along.
  • Get "Why Machines Learn" and start reading.
  • Enroll in Andrew Ng’s Machine Learning and Deep Learning Specializations.
  • Explore Stanford CS25 lecture series on Transformers.
  • Register on Kaggle and start a beginner project.
  • Share your progress through a blog post or social media update.