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GED Math Key Concepts

Jul 8, 2025

Overview

This lecture walks through solving a full-length 22-question GED math practice test, covering key problem types like fractions, equations, percent problems, geometry, functions, and graph interpretation.

Fractions & Operations

  • To divide fractions: keep the first, flip the second, change division to multiplication, then multiply across.
  • Always simplify fractions after calculation.

Solving Equations & Inequalities

  • Isolate variables by performing inverse operations.
  • If an equation’s denominator equals zero, the expression is undefined.
  • For inequalities, dividing by a negative flips the inequality sign.

Averages & Percents

  • To find an average, sum all items and divide by the count.
  • For percent problems, use the formula: part ÷ percent = whole.

Geometry: Surface Area, Circumference, Area, Perimeter

  • Surface area of a sphere: use formula with radius (half the diameter).
  • Circumference of a circle: use Ï€ × diameter if diameter is given.
  • For prisms not on the formula sheet, sum the areas of all faces.
  • Trapezoid area: (1/2) × height × (base1 + base2).
  • Perimeter: add up all side lengths.

Slope & Graphs

  • Get y alone for slope-intercept form (y = mx + b); m is the slope.
  • Slope between two points: (rise) ÷ (run).
  • For coordinates: move horizontally first, then vertically.

Functions & Expressions

  • Substitute given values into functions to evaluate.
  • For expressions: "product" means multiply, "less than" means subtract at end.
  • Factoring: FOIL possible answers to check which matches the original.

Combinations & Probability

  • Total combinations: multiply the number of choices for each item.

Word Problems & Practical Applications

  • For cost/rate: find cost per unit then multiply by the total units needed.
  • To find the greatest distance on a graph, find the highest y-value.
  • Average speed = distance ÷ time.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Undefined — occurs when dividing by zero.
  • Quotient — result of a division.
  • Product — result of a multiplication.
  • Slope (m) — rise/run; the rate of change of a line.
  • Surface Area — total area covering the surface of a 3D shape.
  • Circumference — distance around a circle.
  • Perimeter — distance around a shape.
  • FOIL — method for multiplying two binomials: First, Outer, Inner, Last.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review and practice similar problems, focusing on key concepts and formulas discussed.
  • Familiarize yourself with calculator functions for GED math.
  • Ensure you know how to use the GED formula sheet for geometry problems.