In this video, we're going to be looking at the paritinium as well as the blood supply to the digestive organs. Just a cursory overview of the blood supply. So, what is the paritonyium? Well, for a lot of these organs in the GI tract, they need to be anchored to a specific location. You don't want the stomach and the intestines kind of sloshing around all over the place in the abdominal pelvic cavity. So the paritonyium is really just a set of cirrus membranes within the abdominal cavity that provides some anchorage for the organs of the GI tract. So with any kind of cirrus membrane, if you recall, a cirrus membrane has an epithelial layer. Where's my pen? So you have an epithelial layer here and then you have a second epithelial layer and in between you have connective tissue usually connective tissue that is very very fluid. Now the side where you're making contact with the organ, this is referred to as the visceral side because viscera means organ and the side that connects to the body wall that's going to be known as the parietal side. So when we look at the paritonyium the visceral paritinium is on the external surface of the majority not all but the majority of the digestive organs while the parietal side is going to anchor it to the body wall. Now this is a little bit different from the cirrus membranes that you see with the lungs and with the heart where there's very little fluid and the two epithelial layers are in really close proximity to each other. when we look at the paritonyium. So here we have the visceral paritinium. Now remember just to get our orientation correct posterior is the same as your dorsal side. So your back while anterior your front is the same thing as your vententral side your belly. Okay? So we'll go belly and back. Okay. So here we have a cross-section. There's the vertebra. You have the visceral paritinium that lines the GI tract and then you have the parietal paritinium and in between you have a fluidic component that helps to sort of cushion. Now in many instances we have these uh additional components called uh mezentaries. So mezzentaries are basically double layers of the paritinium. So you have uh dorsal, you have vententral and sometimes these mezzentaries are given specific names uh omena or some textbooks will actually refer to them as ligaments uh which can be misleading because they're not mostly connective tissue. So they're not ligaments that connect bones per se. So the composition is completely different. But this omena serves not only to anchor, it has the capability of storing fat. Uh it allows an access point for blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves. And some recent research has indicated that the presence of the omena um has roles in absorption as well as in the immune system. Uh so it's a very versatile um uh cirrus membrane. Now I had mentioned that not all of the organs are going to be uh enclosed in the paritinium. Uh so those that are enclosed uh so things like the so things like the stomach are going to be completely enclosed. We refer to these as intraaritinal organs. So let's write that in here like example stomach. So intra is going to refer to as between versus retroparitinal. Retro is going to be uh referred to as behind. So kind of outside of the uh paritonyium or posterior to the paritinium. So here we have that particular image here. So this can happen during development but uh some common examples the majority of the pancreas um as well as the dadnum which is the first section of the small intestine those are going to be retroparitinal that is they're going to be posterior to the paritonyium. So let's look at some potential homeostatic imbalances of the paritinium. Uh so the main one is peritonitis which is basically just an inflammation of the paritinium and this could be caused by for example some kind of abdominal wound. Uh maybe a perforating ulcer that has broken through the small intestine or the stomach. uh could be a um ruptured appendix in which case you are releasing uh fecal matter and a large amount of bacteria into the peritineal cavity. Now what facilitates the localization of this infection and if you will kind of an benefit is that the paritonyium will stick together and uh kind of localize the infection allowing for the immune system uh components of the immune system like macrofasages to go in and kind of clean up. Uh however, if it spreads uh or if the rupture was severe enough uh it can be lethal um especially if the the material gets into circulation. So usually this is treated with removal of the debris from the ruptured site. Um and it says antibiotics here, but we're really talking not just your average course of antibiotics. We're talking about megadosis because I think about if you're releasing a ton of bacteria from a ruptured appendix, uh there's a tsunami wave of bacteria that you need to eliminate uh through antibiotic usage. So lastly, let's talk about blood supply. And we're not going to go into too much detail uh because uh in this section of anatomy, we're not covering circulation per se. Um but basically a lot of the blood supply to the digestive organs. This is referred to as the splanchnic circulation. Uh these are branches off of the main artery, the aorta that receives blood from the heart. Uh and then it goes into various arteries, the hpatic artery, the splenic artery, and the left gastric arteries as well as the mesenteric arteries which of course serve the mezzent. Um, what I do want to make note of is that we do have a special circulatory system here called the hpatic portal circulation. So basically when we're absorbing nutrients in the small and large intestines that nutrientrich blood is going to go to the liver, hence hpatic uh for processing. So detoxification uh reorganization [Music]