Lecture Notes: Macrolides - Antibiotic Drugs

Introduction

• Macrolides are a class of antibiotics.
• Recognizable by their suffix: -thromycin.
• Visual mnemonic: Macaroni at a birthday party represents macrolides.

Recognizing Macrolides

• Suffix: All macrolides end in -thromycin.
• Common Drugs:
  • Erythromycin
  • Azithromycin
  • Clarithromycin
• Mnemonic: People throwing confetti at the party represent the "throw" in thromycin.

Uses of Macrolides

• Antibiotic Properties:
  • Fight bacterial infections.
  • Used for respiratory, skin, and ear infections.
  • Commonly prescribed for patients allergic to penicillins.
• Mnemonic: Hand sanitizer at the party symbolizes their antibacterial function.

Adverse Effects

QT Interval Prolongation

• Can lead to life-threatening heart rhythm called torsade de pointe.
• Symbol: Twisted streamers at the party resemble torsade de pointe's unique EKG appearance.
• Monitor patient's cardiac rhythm closely.

GI Distress

• Symptoms: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
• Suggestions:
  • Take with food or a full glass of water.
  • Avoid antacids (can interfere with drug absorption).

Hepatotoxicity

• Mnemonic: Lever for liver; the birthday boy opens window with a lever, symbolizing liver damage.
• Monitor liver enzymes: AST, ALT.
• Watch for liver damage signs: right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, weakness, fatigue.

Summary

• Macrolides: Recognizable by -thromycin.
• Antibiotic Uses: Treat various bacterial infections.
• Side Effects:
  • QT interval prolongation -> torsade de pointe.
  • GI distress - take with food.
  • Hepatotoxicity - monitor liver enzymes.

Conclusion

• Reminder to subscribe for more educational content.
• Access additional resources for deeper learning.
• A light-hearted note on grabbing macaroni, sticking with the macrolide theme.