Overview
This lecture discusses the historical context, authorship, content, and significance of the Kartilya ng Katipunan, a foundational document outlining the principles and teachings of the Katipunan revolutionary society in the Philippines.
Historical Context of the Katipunan
- The Katipunan was founded by Andres Bonifacio on July 7, 1892 after failed reform efforts in Spain.
- Its main goals were Philippine independence from Spain and the development of Filipino citizenship.
- The organization used masonic initiation rites and structures inspired by La Liga Filipina.
- New members were indoctrinated in values of patriotism and fraternity.
Emilio Jacinto: Author and Revolutionary
- Emilio Jacinto was born in Tondo, Manila, on December 15, 1875.
- Despite poverty, he received a good education, taking law at the University of Santo Tomas.
- Joined the Katipunan at age 18, using the symbolic name "Pingkian".
- Wrote the Kartilya ng Katipunan and the oath of the Katipuneros.
- Served as secretary, fiscal, editor, general, and advisor within the Katipunan.
- Fought against both Spaniards and Americans; died of malaria on April 6, 1899.
About the Kartilya ng Katipunan
- The Kartilya was a pamphlet distributed as a primer for new members.
- It contained rules, duties, and moral teachings expected of Katipunan members.
- Members were taught patriotism, equality, compassion, and a commitment to noble causes.
- Emphasis was placed on action over words and self-sacrifice over personal gain.
- The Kartilya ends with an affirmation and membership form.
Core Teachings of the Katipunan (Kartilya)
- Dedicate life to a sacred cause; a life without purpose is worthless.
- Good deeds must come from sincere intentions, not selfish interests.
- All people are equal, regardless of skin color, wealth, or knowledge.
- Honor must be valued above personal gain; keep one’s word.
- Time is precious; lost time can never be regained.
- Defend the oppressed and oppose oppressors.
- Value secrecy and caution in speech.
- Uphold leadership and responsibility within the family.
- Treat women as partners and equals, not as playthings.
- Treat others' loved ones as you would your own.
- True nobility is measured by upright behavior, not social position.
Relevance of the Kartilya
- The Kartilya provides timeless principles for both Katipunan members and Filipino citizens post-independence.
- Its teachings remain significant today, serving as a moral guide amid modern changes and challenges.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Katipunan — A secret revolutionary society seeking Philippine independence from Spain.
- Kartilya ng Katipunan — The primer of the Katipunan outlining its core teachings and rules.
- Pingkian — Emilio Jacinto’s symbolic name in the Katipunan.
- Supremo — Title for the leader of the Katipunan, notably Andres Bonifacio.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Study and reflect on the core teachings of the Kartilya.
- Prepare for discussion on the Kartilya’s relevance to contemporary Filipino society.