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Cartilage Types and Features

Sep 21, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains how to identify the three types of cartilage—hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage—by examining their microscopic features, particularly lacunae and fibers.

Types of Cartilage

  • The three types of cartilage are hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage.
  • All cartilages have lacunae, which are empty spaces, and chondrocytes, the cartilage cells living in lacunae.

Identifying Cartilage Types

  • To identify cartilage, ask: What is between the lacunae? How far apart are the lacunae?
  • Hyaline cartilage looks glassy with no visible fibers between lacunae.
  • Elastic cartilage has visible elastic fibers between lacunae, usually stained purple.
  • Fibrocartilage has visible fibrous, stringy fibers between lacunae, which are spaced farther apart than in elastic cartilage.
  • Fibrocartilage fibers can resemble "ramen noodles."
  • Elastic cartilage lacunae are close together, and purple-stained fibers are seen in between.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Cartilage — A type of connective tissue with cells (chondrocytes) in lacunae.
  • Lacunae — Empty spaces in cartilage where chondrocytes reside.
  • Chondrocyte — The living cell found inside the lacuna of cartilage.
  • Hyaline cartilage — Cartilage with a glassy appearance and no visible fibers.
  • Elastic cartilage — Cartilage with visible, purple-stained elastic fibers and closely spaced lacunae.
  • Fibrocartilage — Cartilage with fibrous, stringy fibers and widely spaced lacunae.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice identifying cartilage type on microscope slides by examining lacunae spacing and fiber visibility.