guys welcome back [Music] to bonding and molecular structure hello hello yes yes yes yes okay hello yes okay yes very good okay okay okay [Music] paragraphs chemistry [Music] so are you ready are you ready full fire chat Bo guys come onemic attack okay djr WhatsApp so okay youan ATT okay Maxim Maxim Val okay valence electrons okay Val El okay Val electr El El okay okay balance oh my God okay maximum corners Ma there is a positively charged kelus elou maximum eight electrons are possible Val elur configuration elig okay basically BAS already elect configuration no gases no gas gases for Argan atomic number 18 shell configuration Krypton atomic number 36 sh [Music] Bas symb l symb [Music] guys you will broke my heart okay El El okay elur 2 1s2 21 which means that Val elb okay yes Emoji world and [Music] doubt clearance sessions revision classes [Music] 9548 okay take part in chemical combinations in order to complete eight electrons in their valence shell [Music] prev question write any two limitation incomplete of the central for example B Boron chloride okay [Music] B sorom electron molecules elect molecules number even number number 1 3 5 nen sorry El elect molecules expand OCT expand phosphorus phosphorus sorry phosphorus are more than eight electrons in the valence shell okay El Val could not explain expanded OCT expanded could not explain the formation of electron molecules could not explain the incomplete basically basically basically re already gas rules limitations sorry form sorry okay types of bond El ex examp sodium chloride examp yes El [Music] stable sodi El El trans of elect transfer of elect attract like charges repel each other opposite charges attract each other force of attraction electrostatic force of attraction iic Bond it is formed by the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to the another defin the bond formed as a result of electrostatic attraction between positive and negative itive elce of elect valent question what are okay what are the conditions requir for the formation of ionic bond yes mother we are all sad we was like a role model I high electron gain eny El energy released the energy released when atom receives an electron electron gain enpy energy sorry sodi chloride what do you mean by L what are the conditions required for the formation of an ionic bond i b form low iation High electron gain enpy high ltis energy okay [Music] Val for rule number one life lesson s CLE sharing okay single B okay single coent Bond single pair single B okay one pair of electron multiple coent Bond okay multiple coent BP basically number oy elect number El Val two pair of el n number elur CLE structure of molecules okay struct for okay HRA [Music] okay okay okay draw the L structure of carbon monoxide molecule [Music] El unshared electrons nonbonding electron nonbonding El B El of electrons [Music] non El for El at number elect configuration o at number El configuration total electrons minus valence electrons total electr El total electr Val electr Shar electrons uned El okay El if an if a molecule Share three pair of electron El very good already [Music] already yes already for okay okay okay sorry to 2 very good nitrogen atomic number 7 251 electronic configuration hydrogen electronic configuration one nitrogen sh [Music] total electrons minus Val El Val electr minus Shar El okay 2 [Music] [Music] sing sing n Sing Sing El already clear crystal clearning cry2 2 2 okay 24 C Second Step valence electrons Val CO2 which [Music] meus Val sh o sh El NO2 minus to2 okay NE s set clear Clearo crystal clear [Music] [Music] formal [Music] for okay for okay formal charge is the difference between number of valence electrons in the isolated atom and the number of electrons assigned to that atom in a Lou structure form for formal charge equal form sorry sorry okay I'm really sorry equal balance electrons okay balance electron minus unshared electrons okay unshared electron minus half into bonding electrons okay un sh electrons minus half into bonding electr okay okay formal Char F1 o number Val El already [Music] half bonding El o forsh ELR half into bonding El into 4 6- 4- 2 for elect ELR half shared El rron minus unshared electrons minus half into bonding electrons for [Music] from the Bas very good character nucleus the in nuclear the equilibrium distance between the nuclear of bonded electrons Bond length is defined as equilibrium distance between the nucle of two bonded atoms in a El angle between the orbitals containing bonding electron pays okay orbitals containing bonding electron okay s okay s orals containing bonding elect [Music] okay the amount of energy required to break one Bond B Bally number of BS for example number of bonds ATS the number of bonds between two atoms in a molecule two very shine very good double bond Triple B more and more Str bond order border is directly proportional to bond strength sh directly proportional to bond order is directly proportional to bond enthalpy and bond order is inversely proportional to inversely proportional to b l electron repulsion Theory V the okay V Val sh electron pair electron repulsion Theory okay important Val sh electr fire shape of Val sh electron repul important what are the major poates of shape thank you thank you for the appreciation thank you okay important theom and shape of a molecule depends upon the number of electron pairs sorry molecule Val sorry Bond char repul interaction El surrounding the Cal atom repel one another as their orbitals and electron clouds are negatively electr all electrons are negatively charged in order to minimize the repulsion important one in order to minimize the repulsion these electron payers tend to occupy the positions in space where the distance between them is maximum in order to minimize the repulsion the distance between the electr is maximum el el different different different different different shape [Music] multiple Bond is treated as as if it is a single electron pair and two or three electron pair of a multiple Bond are treated as a single super sing El for examp single single super Dio single multiple double trip the repulsive interactions between various electron pays decreases in the order action okay okay molecules molecules without La pair s La repulsive interaction okay geometry A2 e okay a is the Cal and B is the number of bonds s [Music] okay trigonal plan with a bond angle of 120° okay5 de9 28 minutes 12 okay both are simar very shine very good 90° okay very very very very very important okay with ble of 180 183 B okay very good very goodan very good trional okay 12amp B 12 shape Bond repulsion sh article reader very good [Music] 9.5 de simple Yes AB five type equ one 2 okay okay equatorial Bond angle will be 120° and axial Bond angle will be 90° axial bonds are longer than equatorial bonds due to equatorial Bond repulsion okay axx equator sorry axal Bond L bonds are longer due sorry longer than equatorial bonds due to equatorial Bond repulsion alal repulsive interaction between the equatorial Bond and axial Bond p last very good 1 2 3 3 4 5es without bive okay molecules with lawn pair on okay Moes with lawn [Music] B sorry [Music] okay toal elal total electron pairs three total [Music] very good trional plan article reader correct trional plan sorry3 A3 e A3 e type very good shape okay sorry okay okay sh [Music] very good toal El Square hello Ty ab2 E2 Tye ab2 E2 ab3 e23 E2 Tye total electron pirs previous question explain the shape of ammonia by VPR theory explain the shape of water molecule name answer we will explain this using VPR Theory explain okay very goodam sorry I'm not asking about the shape I am asking about the geometry geometry total elect shine very good expect we expect a bond angle of we expect a bond angle of b95 but in the case of ammonia in the case of ammonia ammonia the cas actual Bond angle istion trional PID pyamid shape with a bond angle of with a bond angle of 17.5 sorry 17° 17° maximum interaction Maxim okay the E yes very good so ACC toy boys yes so22 E2 okay toal expect that sorry we predict that the geometry is tedral geometry but La pair La pair repulsion La pair B pair repulsion B repulsive interaction due to repulsive interaction Bond angle repulsive interaction Bond angle ba is reduced bondle is reduced should be4 sorry 44.5 minime with a bond angle of one4 4.5 de CST the okay but still [Music] okay very good Valance Bor Theory basically VPR the clal concept of atomic model of okay quantum mechanical model of quantum mechanic model concept of atomic structure to Atomic oral okay Ma fals with the halfi orbitals with the electrons of the SP same spin or with electrons of same spe El sorry same OPP bond is formed is formed is formed by the overlapping of half orbitals present in the Val Val sh half orbitals of the overlapping orbitals should contain electrons of the opp result of overlapping the electrons get paid and a stable coent bond is formed opposite SP electr elect so over ofing okay types of over overing aial overlapping okay overlapping over overing Lal over p [Music] okay end to end overlapping a s SS overlapping P overlapping possible p Sigma if an overlapping is form by axial overlapping head on over over to side Lal overla matics Bond okay only overlapping at number 1 S 2 S2 2 P2 configuration X 2p y 2p okay 2 actually yes yes HB HB same what do you say small energy differ small energy difference same shape within subshell oral okay okay [Music] mix inter mixing of atomic orbitals of small energy difference energy samey orals HB orals with equal energy equal shape so basically the intermixing of atomic orbitals of slightly different energies of the atom to form new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and ID same shap same are the saling features of hybridation the orbitals taking part in hybridization must have only small difference in energies hbd okay for example 2 and approximately similar energies okay 2 Melvin similar okay similar energy equivalent okay hybridized orbitals have equivalent energies and tical Sh okay the number of orbitals taking part in hybridization is equal to number of hybrid orals HB h [Music] sh3 hybridation h [Music] of equivalent shape and energ [Music] H atomic number 1 S2 2 S2 electronic configuration x 2 p y 2 h [Music] h electronic configuration 1 S2 2 S2 2 P5 FL P orbitals overing 50% 50 50% hbd hybridation SP hybridization Kitt b 2 no okay oral 2px okay 2 p y 2 2 hbd hyrid equal energ equal equal equ oh my God number S2 2 S2 2 p sorry 2 P6 3 S2 3p5 Orit angle of 180° clear yes SP2 hybridization okay with a bond angle of 120° bond Ang at number 1 S2 2 S2 2 P1 Bor electonic configuration 12 2 p x 2 p y 2 p hbed h atomic number n so 1 S2 2 S2 2 P5 FL P [Music] oral B3 sorry Bond angle of 120° clear okay3 shape with a bond angle of9 . S 2 S2 2 2 PX 2 p y 2 sorry hded Oren hydren h El okay. nitrogen atomic number s 1 S2 2 S2 2 p 3 2 2 P3 2p x 2 p y 2p El already already HED [Music] hedal trional pyramid with a bond angle of 17° C atomic number so 1 S2 2 S2 2 P4 oral 2 2 S 2 p x 2 p y already sp3 HB h with a bond angle of 104.5 de Crystal Clear full set hybridization bases El sorry [Music] okay okay MO molecular oral nonbonding molecular oral bonding noning or half of the new molecular orbitals have energy lower than the combining Atomic orbitals and called bonding molecular orbitals the number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of Orit Atomic orbitals undergoing chemical reaction Atomic orbitals orbitals other half of the new molecular orbitals has energy great the combining Atomic orals okay orbitals are filled in the increasing order of their energy with the orbital of least energy principle follow only two electrons maximum possible electon configurational at elect Exclusion Principle off principle H rule of Maximum multiplicity R molecular orbital electronic configuration single single yes okay Sig 2 2px equal p 2py p 2px p 2 yery 2px 2p Sig 2 Sig Sigma star 1s Sigma 2s Sigma star 2s Pi 2 PS is equal to Pi 2 py p Sigma 2p P star 2px equal to P star 2p y sigar 2p okay okay MO Point Sig Sig Sig 2 Sig 2 El Sigma 1s2 Sigma star 1s2 Sigma 2 S2 Sigma star 2s2 Sigma 2 P X2 sorry Pi 2 PX Pi 2 p y then Sigma 2 P2 Sig sigar Sig 2s Sig star 2 Sig 2 2 last sigals Sigma 1 Sigma star ons Sigma 2 sigar 2 Sig 2ar 2x 2 p y Sig 2 p Sigma electron Sigma star electron Sigma 2 electron Sigma star 2 [Music] electron Pi sorry p 2 2 equ El molecular oral electon configuration molecular oral noning elring anding ELR nonbonding electr thank you so much noning if number of bonding electrons is greater than number of non-bonding electrons bonding electr elect noning ELR okay half of bonding electron minus nonbonding noning yes Bing electrons El noning eling electr 6 by 2 3 possible if Bal Z or unable not possible total bonding electrons nonbonding El NB is greater than n nonbonding electr sorry bonding electr nonbonding El which me that non bonding electrons Min sorry bonding electron minus non-bonding electrons divided bying electr nonbonding electr 6 by bond is positive B we can say that this molecule is stable stable2 number elect configuration Sigma 1 Sigma star 1 Bing electr minus nonbonding electr divid minus 2 by C by 2 the 0 by two 0 not possible2 since bond order is z which means that the molecule is unstable and it is not possible okay El mag El number electr UNP electr UNP electr El [Music] K in last okay sorry configuration Sigma 1 S2 Sig star 1s2 Sigma 2s2 Sigma 2 2 p star 2p x p star 2 p y okay l sorry moal okay Sig sigar 2s PX PX p y py PX p p for like molecules likey okay Sigma 2 sigar 2 Sig Sig don't worry last topic okay P 2p x p 2 p y deer P star 2px P star 2 p y Sig Sigma El Sigma Sig 2 2 2p 2 Y 2 2 elect okay draw this sig Sig star 1 Sig Sig n Sig sigar Sigma Sigma [Music] p [Music] okay 1 2 with 2 2 y Sigma 2p is 2 Sig 2 Sig sorry sorry P star 2 Sigma star 2p last Steve yes okay shape of shape of N3 okay but it's okay thank you so much class B