Overview
This lecture provides an introduction to criminology, discussing its origins, interdisciplinary nature, key coursework, career paths, and related fields.
What is Criminology?
- Criminology is the study of crime, including motivations, methods, characteristics, effects, and prevention.
- It draws on sociology, psychology, economics, statistics, and anthropology to understand criminal behavior.
- The field originated from criminal justice reform movements over 200 years ago.
Major Concepts in Criminology
- Criminologists analyze all aspects of crimes to prevent future offenses and understand criminal behavior.
- Punishment is now viewed as a means of correction and protection, not just retribution.
- Social, economic, and psychological factors are recognized as influences on criminal behavior.
Criminology as a Major
- Criminology is considered a social science, requiring analytical and research skills.
- Coursework includes statistics, social sciences (e.g., psychology, sociology), and major-specific classes on criminal justice and law.
- Internships in justice departments, courthouses, or crime labs are common for practical experience.
Career Paths in Criminology
- Criminology graduates may become police officers, detectives, correctional officers, forensic scientists, social workers, or lawyers.
- Salaries vary: correctional officers (
$47,000), police officers ($70,000), detectives ($89,000), forensic scientists ($60,000), social workers ($52,000), lawyers ($127,000).
- Advanced degrees enable leadership, academic, policy, and specialized law enforcement roles.
Related Fields and Skills
- Related degrees: forensic psychology, sociology, social work, or criminal justice.
- Key skills: critical thinking, logical reasoning, communication, empathy, and research abilities.
- Mental toughness is necessary due to exposure to disturbing cases; self-care is important.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Criminology — The scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and society’s response.
- Forensic Science — The application of scientific methods to solve crimes.
- Correctional Officer — An individual who supervises inmates in correctional facilities.
- Detective — A person who investigates crimes and gathers evidence.
- Social Worker — A professional who assists individuals and communities with social challenges.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Explore related majors if interested in broader or more specific aspects (e.g., sociology, forensic psychology, criminal justice).
- Consider internships for practical experience.
- Review program coursework requirements and elective options in your chosen school.