[Music] hi guys it's me professor d and welcome back to my channel on this video i'm going to be covering fundamentals of nursing questions now these are great questions and concepts you should expect to see on your foundations of nursing exam hesi ati even nclex so without any further ado guys let's get started first question using the principles of standard precautions the nurse would wear gloves in what nursing interventions a providing a back massage b feeding a client c providing hair care or a d providing oral hygiene and i'll give you guys a moment to think of your answer if you're new to my channel just press the pause button and then you can press play whenever you're ready to resume okay guys so the correct answer is d providing oral hygiene why if you're providing oral hygiene there's a chance that you're going to come into contact with their saliva with the fluid in their oral cavity their mucous membranes okay if it's wet you're going to put on gloves all right i don't care if it's saliva if it's vomitous if it's urine if it's feces if it's blood if it's wet you're putting on glass all right so a b and c you don't expect to come into contact with any types of body fluids so that's why d is the correct answer all right guys let's move on to the next question a nurse obtained a client's pulse and found the rate to be above normal the nurse would document these findings as a tachypnea b hyperpyrexia c arrhythmia or d tachycardia okay guys so um let's see what the question was what was it found oh pulse and heart rate okay so the correct answer is going to be d tachycardia right be why we know the heart rate is supposed to be 60 to 100. anything more than 100 is going to be considered tachycardia if it's less than 60 it's bradycardia so let's look at our other choices you have a tachypnea that's um increase breathing above normal breathing's supposed to be 12 to 22 12 to 24 depending on the book you're using um so anything above 22 or 24 depending on the book you're using is going to be tachypnea that's not the case here b hyper pyrexia that's the fever when the temperature is too high all right most books have the temperature anything over um 99.2 to 5 that's considered a fever so hyperpyrexia is fever all right um choice c arrhythmia guys that's any um abnormal um heartbeat and that can be that heart beating too quickly or too slowly and then of course we have our answer d which is our tachycardia but um like i said arrhythmia guys it's just a regular heartbeat all right guys um next question which of the following actions should the nurse take to use a wide base support when assisting a client to get up in a chair a bend at the waist and place arms under the client let me go back bend at the waist and place arms under the client's arms and lift b face the client bend the knees and place hands on the client's forearm and lift c spread his or her feet apart or d tighten his or her pelvic muscles and i'll give you guys a moment to think of your answer oh sorry guys i got a cold coming on something okay guys so the correct answer b you're going to face the client bend at your knees and place hands on clients for arm and lift and that's going to be the proper body mechanics c and d are absolutely wrong we're going to throw that out the window but let's look at a look what a says it says bend at the waist no you bend at the waist you're messing with your center of gravity and not only can you fall you might topple that patient over as well so that's why a is wrong b is the correct answer guys please forgive me i am speeding through this video i've been seeing patients for the past 14 hours and um i got home i wanted to get into bed but i knew if i did not make this video for you tonight you are not going to be getting your video this week so i'm rushing because i want to take a shower and get into bed all right so forgive me all right guys next question a client who's unconscious needs frequent mouth care when performing a mouth care the best position for the client is a fowler's position b side lying position c supine or d transdellensburg all right guys and the correct answer is sideline and let me tell you why you want to put that patient sideline putting them sideline will help decrease the chance of aspiration we don't want that patient to choke we don't want them to aspirate and that's why we put them inside lying position choices a c and d and none of these help decrease the risk of aspiration like sideline position does and that's why we're choosing a b a client walks um a client a walk-in client enters into the clinic with a chief complaint of abdominal pain and diarrhea the nurse type declines vital signs hereafter what phase of the nursing process is being implemented by the nurse a assessment b diagnosis c planning or d implementation and the correct answer guys is a assessment it just says that the nurse takes the vital signs it says it um what phrase of the nursing process is being implemented uh here by the nurse assessment you're gathering information anything that you do to gather information is an assessment whether it's taking vitals to get information about how that patient is doing physiologically whether it's eyeballing that patient whether it's going into the patient's chart and looking up information whether it's asking the patient a question anything that elicits information is considered an assessment and so that's why a is the correct answer now let's look at our other choices after you've done your assessment after you've done the vital signs you have a clinical picture that's when you can come up with b your nursing diagnosis what are you going to do to help your patient let me tell you what the nursing diagnosis is by the way guys nursing diagnosis is the patient's reaction towards the medical diagnosis it's the patient's reaction towards the disease process so the nursing diagnosis is always going to be something that you as a nurse can help the patient with independently without a doctor's order all right after you come up with your nursing diagnosis is your planning you're going to plan what you're going to do for your patient you're going to plan your intervention at pi assessment diagnosis planning intervention you're going to intervene you're going to do whatever you came up with the plan right and last is evaluation what are you evaluating your implementation whatever i did for that patient did it work and guess what if it didn't work you go right back to a assessment again you reassess come up with another nursing diagnosis or it might be the same and you might have to alter it plan intervention evaluation all right so a is the correct answer for this question assessment next question it is best described as a systemic rational method of planning and providing nursing care for individuals families and group community a assessment b nursing process d diagnosis or d implementation i'm not even going to take a moment and give you guys a chance you all should know this answer by now and the correct answer is the nursing process which includes your assessment your diagnosis your planning your intervention and your evaluation your ad pi all right next question exchange of gases takes place in which of the following organ a kidney b lungs c a liver or d heart and you guys should learn this in a p so i know you're all going to get this correct correctly and the correct answer is the lungs that's where oxygen um exchange takes place specifically we're in the lungs in the alveoli right we are we want oxygen to go in and it goes to the blood and we want what to come out carbon dioxide let's talk about our wrong choices kidneys what do the kidneys do they filter toxins from the blood and all those toxins come into form of what urine and you excrete it out of the body choice c a liver what does a liver do liver does lots of things but specifically the liver metabolizes right so it breaks down those drugs in the body for you to get rid of it through your system right and what else is the liver important for our clotting factors that's why patients who are alcoholics we don't do surgery on them unless we have to because they might bleed out on the table all right and then d your heart you guys know what the heart does it pumps all of the oxygen rich blood to all of your vital organs for survival next question a muscular enlarged pouch or sac that lies slightly to the left which is used for temporary storage of food a gallbladder b urinary bladder c stomach or d lungs this is another one i'm not going to give you a little pause either why because they gave us a hint they said temporary storage of food you know that's a stomach you know digestion does not happen in the stomach that food is stored in the stomach hydrochloric acid starts to break it down but where does the digestion begin in the small intestine so the correct answer is the stomach now let's talk about our wrong answer choices you have a the gallbladder that's located in the right upper um um quadrant of the abdomen and what's the gallbladder responsible for well the gallbladder is responsible for releasing those enzymes that break down what fatty foods gallbladder is very important um what's our next choice okay the urinary bladder you guys know what uh what that is that's the bladder that's located on the lower part of the abdomen and it holds all the urine um choice where was i okay choice d the lungs we just talked about that the lungs are responsible for oxygen carbon dioxide exchange um and the lungs are located on both sides of the um the chest cavity of the chest wall left and right side all right next question hormones secreted by islets of langerhans a progesterone b testosterone c insulin or d hemoglobin and i'll give you guys a moment to think of your answer all right guys the correct answer is insulin and by the way guys um the eyelets of langerhans it's located where in the pancreas and that's why when people have pancreatic issues you tend to see they have a diabetic issues because remember those beta cells and the islets of langerhans which is located in the pancreas is responsible for insulin very very important now let's talk about our wrong answer choices a progesterone this hormone is mainly secreted by the ovaries b testosterone mainly secreted by the testes so progesterone for women um testosterone for men and choice d hemoglobin guys hemoglobin is carried in the red blood cells and that's what holds on to the oxygen so that's why getting hemoglobin levels are so important because if the patient's hemoglobin level is low that means their oxygen carrying capacity is low all right i wonder if that was my last question no we've got a couple more to go which of the following cluster of data belongs to maslow's hierarchy of needs and you all if you've been following my videos for any amount of time you all should get this right because i've been shoving maslow's hierarchy of needs down your throat you should have it down packed by now all right so let's talk about it a loving belonging b physiologic needs c self-actualization or d all of the above all of the above all of the above all of um these choices are part of maslow's hierarchy of need now let me ask you a bonus question which one is a priority out of these which one is the most important out of these which one are you going to be running to the patient if one of them are in danger physiological needs blood pressure fluid electrolyte nutrition um hemodynamic status right uh um airway breathing circulation anything that physically keeps that patient alive that's gonna be our priority we don't care about anything else if our patient's dead do we all right next question this is characterized by severe symptoms relatively of short duration a chronic illness b acute illness c pain or d syndrome and the correct answer is acute illness so acute illness is something that comes on acutely comes on quickly and the duration is short where chronic is something a long term all right what are the choices pain you guys know what pain is that's extreme hurt or discomfort and syndrome syndrome is a cluster of signs or and symptoms that belong to a disorder or disease process so when you see that word syndrome all it means is a cluster of signs and symptoms that belong to a certain disease process or disorder all right guys we are down to our last question teaspoons equivalent to how many mls and this is easy guys you guys learned this in foundations of nursing nursing um nursing math 101 and the correct answer is 25 mls you guys know one teaspoon is five ml so if we have five ml's five times five is 25 that's going to give us if we have five teaspoons five times five is 25 that's going to give us 25 ml guys i know this video was short i usually go 30 minutes i did about half the time but i hope it was helpful and i promise i'm going to try my best just to schedule better because on the days that i see um patients for the amount of time that i saw patients today i just don't do well on these videos because i'm exhausted and i have to fake the excitement that you're seeing on this camera i'm faking it all right guys um i hope this video was helpful guys please so let me tell you what i want to do this is my heart's desire i want to be doing this for you full-time i want all day every day just to be providing content for you so that instead of twice a week you guys will be getting two videos a day that's what i want but i have to get there so i'm asking you please support my channel by sharing please share my content on all your social media sites any friends that are in nursing school or studying or even thinking about the nursing program share it so they can start watching and learning okay please don't forget to like and subscribe below please leave me a comment on any videos you'd like to see in the future or what you thought about well maybe not specifically what you thought about this video because i was at my best but go ahead leave me a comment let me know what you thought about this video and i promise i'll deliver better stuff for you next time thank you so much for spending this time with me and i'll see you on my next video you