wow this video has been a long time coming so thank you to all of the comments on the previous video for a request like this in this video we'll be going over all of AQA gcsc RS Islam looking at the key points and revising every topic also looking at some practice exam questions but this video is coming out really close to the 2024 exam season so I would recommend you watch the live stream on Wednesday the 8th of May for the every possible exam question you could ever be asked paper one revision stream it'll be from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. I'm doing the same for paper two as well so make sure you attend all of them this video and practically every video on my channel takes a lot of time to make so it would be much appreciated if you could leave a like share and subscribe let's get started so here are all of the topics you've got the Islam beliefs and teachings on the left hand side and the practices on the right you can check out the time stamps for the specific topics all of these are in paper one looking at Sunni and Shia so Sunni and Shia are the two largest denominations of Islam just like Catholics and Protestants you've got Sunni which are the majority 85% and Shia which are the 10% you've also got other denominations making up about 5% now Sunni Muslims believe that Muhammad's successor was was actually Abu Bakr elected to be their leader and they call that kif the Kif's job was to enforce the Quran sunnes follow the six articles of Faith tarwid Angels holy books supremacy of God's Will and Prophets of God Shia Muslims believe Muhammad's successor is Ali his cousin and son-in-law who became Imam so sh Muslims believe that it should be through the bloodline of Muhammad rather than just random people being elected each Imam therefore has to be a descendant of Muhammad Shia Muslims only follow the Quran and any of Muhammad's teachings that were passed down by Ali Shia Muslims believe in the five Roots ofin which is taid prophethood justice of God imamate and Resurrection the key difference between these two denominations is the idea of accountability both believe that Allah will judge humans on Judgment Day sunnis believe in God's Supremacy and therefore they must hope that God's will is good or bad or God Wills good or bad things to happen whereas Shia Muslims believe that they are more in control of their life and their actions suggest an exam question explain two ways in which belief in the five roots of Alin influences sh Muslims today you could start off by saying accepting the authority of the 12 imams and following their teachings whereas obviously sunnis wouldn't necessarily do that moving on to the next topic tarwid and Supremacy so firstly looking at the name Islam itself Islam in Arabic means surrender obedience or submission but it also means peace as it is through obeying God's will that a person will achieve peace in themselves Muslims believe that Islam was revealed to mankind over many centuries and through many different prophets with the final Revelation and Prophet being Muhammad one of the most important beliefs in Islam is taed which is Oneness the belief that there is one God you notice a similar belief in other religions like Christianity and Judaism this makes Islam a monotheistic religion this belief is repeated daily in the shahada which is we'll look at in the Islam practices part of the video a muslim's most important duty is to declare faith in one God they believe that God is an undivided entity therefore it isn't made up of three persons nor has a son no one else and no other object has God's attributes or qualities and it is one of the worst sins to believe so which is called sh look Supremacy God is a controller of the universe and nothing takes place unless God allows that to happen whether it's good or bad God must have a reason for it and therefore Muslims especially Sunni Muslims trust in God's will to show this they often add the words God willing in chalah in their sentences to show that they believe that God is in control so explaining two ways to influences Muslims today you can say it may help Muslims to think of Allah as a center point in their lives their undivided attention is going to that angels and their roles Muslims believe that Angels bring the word of God to the prophets they are supernatural beings created by God from light here's a source of wisdom and Authority praise be to God creator of the heavens and the Earth who made Angels mess MERS with two three four pairs of wings Muslims are Muslims believe that angels are pure and sinless sorry for that typo they have no Free Will and ceaselessly praise and worship God angels Also may have different roles or functions for example some are guardian angels and others record the book of Deeds of what a person does during their lifetime to be used which will will be used as evidence on the day of judgment Muslims also believe that angels have the god-given power to take on human form for example when the Angels appeared to Ibrahim and Mariam as men jibriel Gabriel is a key Angel as he relayed the Quran to Muhammad from God now you'll notice that a lot of the Christian angels and famous people or prophets they often have a different a slightly different Muslim or Islamic name so jibriel for Gabriel Mel for Michael Esa for Jesus Etc and they believe that they're prophets with slightly different names so as we said jibriel is a key Angel as he relayed the Quran to Muhammad from God Muslims believe he first appeared to Muhammad during the night when he was a child and purified his heart so that he could receive God's revelation God continued to use jibriel to communicate with Muhammad up until Muhammad's death Mel is another Angel it's an angel of Mercy who rewards righteous people for the good they do during their lives on Earth he's also responsible for sending rain thunder and lightning to Earth Muslims believe both angels have brought nourishment spiritually or physically explain two ways in which belief and angels influences Muslims today Muslims believe that Angels welcome them into Paradise so they try not to commit sin and live a good life According to Islamic law the nature of God Muslims believe that Allah has 99 Names which can help them understand his qualities and nature for example Allah the merciful many Muslims memorize the names of God and recite them when they are praying privately in the Quran it says the most excellent names belong to God use them to call upon him now some characteristics of God which we saw in the Christianity topic as well include imminent which means within all things and close to his people Transcendent beyond all things hence he cannot be pictured God can be both because he is a Creator and therefore outside of the bounds of the universe but he can be compassionate and his nature can be found in us through our actions which can emulate him omnipotent which means all powerful and also omniscient all knowing beneficient which means loving and the source of all goodness merciful he understands people's suffering cares for them and forgives them if they are truly sorry for any wrong that they have done just he will judge fairly on the day of judgment in Shia Islam one of the five Roots is ad D Justice the belief that God is not happy when people do wrong and God will hold them to account therefore humans have responsibility for their own actions so explain two ways in which belief that God is just influencing Muslims today one point could be Muslims treat people fairly knowing that Allah will judge them fairly and bring everybody to Justice predestination sunnis believe that God has already written down and knows exactly what will happen in the universe he's written it down in his book called The Book of decrees if God creates all things and actions then you must act in accordance to his will only what God has decreed will happen to us he is our Master let the Believers put their trust in God due to this belief Muslims believe that if any suffering or hardship is given to them by Allah that they must accept it and see pain as a part of life in addition any good action that has been willed and blessed by God however the Shia belief in adalot that God is just shows that human beings must be free to choose good or evil because a just God would not punish people for actions that he made them do they would also argue that the belief that God knows the future does not mean that humans are not free to choose just that God knows what choices they will make God does not change the condition of a people for the worse unless they change what it is in themselves predestination links very closely to the day of judgment and that as God has given humans free will they are not responsible for whether God Rewards or punishes them for the choices that they have made even though he knows what will happen life after death many Muslims believe that after death the person still has a conscious existence in the grave where they enter a state called Bazar this means barrier here they wait for the day of judgment and are questioned by two angels about their faith these two angels are actually twins and their children or they're pictured as children once they have answered they will see their Rewards or punishments depending on their correctness of their answers some believe this starts straight away but others believe they wait until the day of judgment when God's purpose for the world has been fulfilled israfil an angel will blow a trumpet where the present world is destroyed and replaced with a new world known as Akira and everybody who has ever lived is resurrected into new bodies and judged by God here you are given your book of Deeds if it is in your right hand you go to heaven as in if God is giving it to you in your right hand you go to heaven Jonah and if it's given to you in your left hand you go to Jonna on this day everyone is sorted by being made to cross the sirat bridge that spans the fires of hell now the Sarat bridge is supposed to be as thin as a hair and as sharp as a razor so it's not just any normal Bridge good people are quickly transported across now belief in life after death is important for Muslims because it encourages human responsibility and accountability it also urges people to avoid sin and do the right thing it also satisfies the need for justice that all people are subject to reward or punishment and it will be fair profited Adam the belief in the prophets and their importance is known as Rah when someone is made a prophet they are given a message by God and this is considered a gift from him so anybody who receives a message from God they they are considered a prophet every Community is sent a messenger and when their messenger comes they will be judged justly they will not be wronged there are approximately 124,000 prophets in Islam with 25 named in the Quran and the most important include Adam Ibrahim Musa Moses Isa Jesus and Muhammad Adam was the first man on earth and the first prophet in Islam he was created by God from the dust on the ground and he is regarded as the father of the human race he was given the name of all things he taught Adam all the names of things Allah then asked Adam to name objects that Angels did not know when he did they are told to bow down in respect of Adam except for elas now elas was an angel who refused to bow down from to Adam and this result Ed in him being thrown out of paradise into hell and that is who we now view as Satan or shatan so the difference between Islam and Christianity's views on the devil is that Christians is very unclear why he was a fallen angel why he became that way with Islam it clearly states exactly why he refused to bow down to Adam and therefore he got sent to hell but obviously this conflicts with the idea that angels are supposed to be pure and sinless and endlessly worship God so that is a interesting uh concept to look at in Islam now when okay so Adam was then tempted by IAS out of that's why IAS wanted to tempt Adam because he was annoyed that he was then sent to hell so he then tempted him to eat from The Forbidden tree he and his wife hoah Eve were thrown out of the garden of bliss as punishment they had brought sin into the world and now all humans would be judged on the day of judgment Adam was also the first person to learn to plant seeds Harvest crops and what food to eat so it was Adam that spoke about Halal foods and things like that Prophet Hood Ibrahim ibraim is the Arabic name for Abraham and Muslims believe that mammed descended from him through his son Ishmael Abraham declared his belief in one God Allah and wanted to stop the worship of false Idols because during that time everybody believed in many gods and even worshiped statues and things like that so he took an axe one day and destroyed hundreds of statues and idols and left the axe tied around the necks around the neck of one remaining statue he claimed that the last statue did it and to ask it and when the people replied saying the statue couldn't speak then he questioned why they worshiped Idols that can't communicate the people demanded that Ibrahim be burned alive and he was thrown into an enormous fire but a miracle happened because the fire only burned his chains and he walked out unscathed which led people to believe in Allah Muslims also believe that Ibrahim with his son Ishmael rebuilt the cabba and that Adam built it after it was destroyed by Noah's flood um sorry I said that in a weird way so Adam initially had built the cabba and then because it was destroyed after Noah's flood Ibrahim and his son ishma rebuilt it now they also believe that Ibrahim was asked to sacrificed his son in a dream and when Ibrahim said he was willing to God said he did not need to do it but that Ibrahim had showed his faith and that was the most important thing Muslims then commemorate this with the festival ID alud so there's actually two eats finally him and his wife Huger are remembered on aspects of the hjj in Mecca which we'll look at later in the video so explain two ways in which belief in rasah prophethood influences Muslims today you can say that Muslims obey the prophet's teachings knowing that they are coming directly from the word of God to humanity Muhammad Muhammad is the last and greatest of all of the prophets and he received the final revelation of the Quran in the Quran it says Muhammad is not the father of any one of you men he is God's messenger and the Seal of the prophets God knows everything so he was born in 570 ad in Mecca he was an orphan from an early age who worked as a shepherd and then a merchant in 610 ad he went into a cave on Mount Hera to get away from a party that was dedicated to false Idols around the cabba jibriel appeared and said three times um and Muhammad was given the first of his messages from God this is known as the night of power it says in the Quran that this night was better than a thousand months it was a really important time Muhammad spent the remainder of his life receiving Messengers from gibel and preaching the way of God he told people to give up cheating drinking alcohol and idol worship this was quite unpopular and led to him and his followers being chased out of of Mecca they fled to Medina in 6222 ad in an event known as the Hijra which means the departure the Islamic calendar began from this date and all dates are numbered h ah after Hijra explain two Muslim teachings about Muhammad refer to a source of wisdom and Authority you can say that Prophet Muhammad was chosen by Allah to deliver a universal message to Humanity it says it was a goodly model holy books Muslims believe that the Quran was revealed to Muhammad over a period of 22 years now this is important because Muhammad actually couldn't even write um or read so it was interesting that he was able to get that message out it is considered an invaluable source of authority I.E you can't challenge it just like some Christians challenge the Bible in Islam you are not allowed to challenge the Quran it's um it's considered to also be perfect and beautifully written source of Doctrine law and guidance the original Quran is thought to be in heaven so when Muslims read it they believe God is speaking directly to them Quran itself means recital as it was recited by Muhammad by heart to his followers who who were commissioned by Abu Bakr to write a standardized version in 635 a after Muhammad's death one official version was written and completed by Muslim scholars in 650 ad it contains 114 suras chapters in total and is arranged from longest to shortest in length Muslim children are encouraged to learn Arabic in order to learn and receive and recite the Quran in its original perfect language Muslims also believe that other books are important for example the toret or the Torah revealed to Musa Moses based on the first five books of the Old Testament also the zba the Psalms similar to the Bible revealed to David inel the gospel a book divinely revealed to Issa Jesus which they believe has been lost but that some of its messages can be found in the Bible so you effectively Muslims believe in the Old Testament of the Bible and some assets of the New Testament of the Bible and that is it for believers and teachings well done we got so far so we're now going to look at Islam practices take a break if you've watched this far you deserve the first topic is worship the five pillars of is Islam are five duties that every Muslim must follow in order to live a good and responsible life according to Islam for Sunni Muslims these five duties are seen as pillars holding up the religion you've got shahada which is a Muslim Declaration of Faith Salah which is prayer it's compulsory for Muslims to pray five times a day if they are elgible to do so zaka which is charitable giving encouraging generosity and compassion s which is the obligation to fast during Ramadan and Hajj which is a pilgrimage to Mecca now don't worry if you're not observing this all now because we are going to go in depth into these very soon now the 10 obligatory acts are followed by the 12 of Shia Muslims these combine some of the five pillars of Islam and Jihad which applies to all Muslims with some extra principles so Jihad is the struggle to keep belief in Allah and follow his rules to continue to follow the five pillars of Islam successfully and to defend Islam we'll look more at this because this is quite an interesting concept you've also got kums which is a 20% annual tax this tax is paid on any profit earned by Shia Muslims billu which I am so sorry if I did not say that correctly refers to encouraging people to do what is good Maru is anything that has been approved of in Sharia law means forbidding Evil by discouraging people from doing what is wrong toala refers to showing love this includes love for both God and for those who follow God tobara means disassociation Shia Muslims are taught not to associate with God's enemies shahada now as we said shahada is the Declaration of Faith the key statement or belief of Muslims Muslims are expected to know the Declaration of Faith now for Sunni Muslims the shahada is there is no God but Allah and Muslim and Muhammad is the prophet of Allah Shia Muslims add an extra phrase to the shahada and Ali is the friend of God this shows that belief that Ali Muhammad's cousin was the rightful successor of Muhammad the shahada is usually said a few times a day it's said at the birth as the first words a baby hears and Muslims aim for these to be the last words they say before death a non-muslim can convert to Islam by saying the shahada and meaning it sincerely explain two reasons why the shahada is important to Muslims it forms the foundation of the four other pillars of Islam it expresses a person's total commitment to Islam Salah prayer the Salah are the five daily prayers which can be done anywhere you've got FJ which is just Before Sunrise Zur just after midday assur which is late afternoon mcreb which is just after Sunset and Isa which is between Sunset and midnight don't worry you do not have to memorize those at the mosque men and women pray in separate rooms Salah encourages self discipline and keeps Muslims in close contact with Allah it's a sign of solidarity with all other Muslims and it shows that everybody is equal in their worship of God before praying Muslims prepare by performing an important set of actions so that all of their focus can be on one God they perform a ritual washing called wood so that they are spiritually clean they face the city of Mecca which in a mosque the mirab marks that direction but sometimes you can see that they have compasses in their prayer mats if they're not in a mosque Sunni Muslims only combine the five daily prayers if they had a good reason to for example if they're traveling Shia Muslims have more freedom they combine certain prayers such as the midday and afternoon prayer prayers so they might pray three times a day instead of five Shia Muslims also often use natural elements when praying for example some place a piece of clay or a brick at the spot where their head rests Juma refers to communial prayers or the Friday prayers that are held just afternoon explain two ways in which Muslims view Salah as important one thing you could say is that it allows Muslims to grow closer and communicate with Allah swor Sor is the obligation on Muslims to fast between sunrise and sunset during the month of Ramadan the fast is broken at Sunset often with a sweet food such as dates before a bigger meal is eaten this is known as ifar there are also exceptions for those who should not fast for example children under the age of 12 the elderly people with medical conditions women who are pregnant or menstrating and people who are traveling if it is possible to do so Muslims who have missed a few days of the fast make up for it by fasting for the same number of days after Ramadan has ended now Ramadan is a time for both physical and moral self-discipline it's a time of obedience to Allah and a time for understanding standing hunger now we spoke about the night of power which was when Angel jabriel first appeared to Muhammad and began revealing the Quran that is more of a Muslim beliefs and teachings uh question explain two ways in which Sor is important to Muslims Sor gives Muslims an opportunity to reflect in a spiritual way about their lives and develop self-discipline zaka or zakat zaka is a practice where a Muslim gives 2.55% of their wealth over a certain amount to charity after they have paid for what is necessary to support themselves and their family so it can be considered as their profits Muslims give to charity because they see wealth as a loan from Allah in countries such as the UK some Muslims May perform it by giving directly to charity such as Muslim Aid and others contribute to collections in the mosque which then distributes the money to those in need in Islamic countries it's often collected as a tax helping each other is seen as helping Allah and fulfilling a duty to God so by giving zaka the Muslim Community is supporting one another as the poorest are given financial help so if you're asked to explain two ways in which zaket is important you can say it helps people and Society become more equal or helping one another is seen as helping Allah Hajj hjj is the Muslim pilgrimage which it's compulsory for Muslims to undertake at least once in their lifetime as long as they are healthy and can afford it God told the prophet Ibrahim to take his wife hajira and son ishmail on a journey to Arabia he then told Ibrahim to leave haira and ishmail with some food and water having run out of water haira ran up and down the hills Safa and marwa in search of Mo unable to find any water she prayed to God and water then sprang from the ground the sources of water the source of water is called The zamzam Well when Ibrahim returned he was commanded to build the cabba as a shrine dedicated to Allah where worship would take place now all of these details are important when thinking about what happens at the hjj so firstly on the journey Muslims change their clothes for two white cloths and enter the state of Iram the pilgrims arrive at the great mosque here they Circle the cabba seven times which is considered Toof a drink is taken from the Zam Zam well in remembrance of hira's search for water the pilgrims visit the Hills of Safa and Mawa and run between the two seven times to replicate the actions of hajira Muslims stop at Mount Arafat the place where Muhammad gave his final sermon and they pray while hoping to be forgiven for their sins this is where the day of judgment will take place Muslims then spend the night at mifa a valley between Arafat and Mina and at mifa they collect Pebbles the next day they then travel to mina where they Stone the devil they throw pebbles at three stone pillars constructed to represent the devil Ibrahim is said to have done this the pilgrimage shows self-discipline and fulfills a religious Duty bringing Muslims closer to God explain two reasons why Muslims visit Mecca you could say to follow the footsteps of the Prophet Muhammad or to feel closer to Allah Jihad so Jihad is an interesting concept it has two meanings for Muslims firstly great Jihad which is about making the effort to be a good Muslim through a personal struggle to improve spirituality it is a duty and act of worship so to do the greater Jihad Muslims should follow the five pillars of Islam forgive others work for social justice study the Quran help those in need avoid negative qualities and avoid Temptation it's a personal struggle a Believer is individually responsible for being a good Muslim the Lesser Jihad is about defending Islam from threat some people still take up arms against anybody that they see as an enemy of Islam however many Muslims believe that the Lesser jih had is of less relevance today than in the past when Muslims were being persecuted lesser Jihad is sometimes called a holy war it must be approved by a religious leader fought in self-d dispense and not used to either convert people to Islam or gain land finally Eid Al and E Al so we spoke about how there's two eids Eid Al is the commemoration of sacrifice and marks the end of Hajj the annual pilgrimage to Mecca the festival is a reminder of Allah's blessings and shows how important it is to submit to Allah Ibrahim dreamed that Allah told him to sacrifice his son Ishmael Ibrahim explained his dream to Ishmael who agreed that the sacrifice has to be done at the last minute Allah told Ibrahim to sacrifice a ram Instead This was a test of ibrahim's loyalty to Allah Muslims commemorate and remember ibrahim's trials by themselves slaughtering an animal such as a sheep camel or goat as this is a special occasion everybody wears new clothes people also spend time with family and friends and pres presents and cards are exchanged ID fit occurs at the end of Ramadan and is a day of Thanksgiving to Allah it's a joyful Festival that also celebrates the fact that Muslims have completed the fourth pillar of Islam which is s the obligation to fast during Ramadan at idel fitra a special zaka is held it's given to Muslims who are less well off so that they can also celebrate the festival as well Ashura is another festival or it's more of a solemn day in which Shia Muslims commemorate the death of Hussein which is Ali's son in a attle they believe that Sunni Muslims caused the death of this and therefore there's a bit of religious tensions on this day on Aura Muslims wear black and plays are often performed to remind Muslims of the events that led to Hussein's death explain two ways in which Muslims believe festivals are important festivals allow Muslims to commemorate important Islamic events allowing Muslims to join together as as a Unity thank you so much for watching this very long video be sure to subscribe and for more advice follow me on Tik Tok there will be some more content being uploaded there but make sure you watch all the live streams that are coming up before your exams even if you're watching this in 2025 I would recommend going and watching the 2024 live streams the content is exactly the same best of luck for your exams do tell me how they go and see you soon