hello everybody my name is Iman welcome back to my YouTube channel today we're going to tackle a practice problem set that relates to our lecture on social interaction let's go ahead and get started with problem number one problem number one says which of the following best describes the definition of a status now when we talked about status we said that in most human societies people don't view every individual as an equal and statuses are positions in society that are used used to classify individuals we also talked about three key types of statuses ascribed achieved and master statuses now an ascribed status is one that is given involuntarily due to factors like race ethnicity gender and family background achieved status is a status that is gained as a result of one's efforts or choices like being a doctor and a master status is the status by which a person is most identified taking that into consideration let's go ahead and go through these answered choices a says that the definition of a status is the emotional state of a social interaction B says expectations that are associated with a specific title in society C says a position in society used to classify an individual and D says a means to describe one's peers a status like we said is a position in society that's used to classify a person and it exists in relation to other statuses the definition that makes the most sense here is going to be answer Choice C now really quickly just as a friendly reminder the definition provided in answer Choice B expectations that are associated with a specific title in society the specific behaviors associated with a status is best described as a role so be careful not to get those two mixed up again a status is a position in society used to classify individuals and again a role is a set of beliefs values and Norms that Define the expectations of a certain status in a social situation so I just wanted to mention that because sometimes that can be an easy point of confusion especially during a high stress exam so the correct answer here for one is going to be C let's go ahead and read problem two problem two says becoming a college graduate requires hard work and diligence in academics as such being a college graduate could be described as blank ascribed status achieved status Master status or Cardinal status now again we talked about the three key types of statuses ascribed achieved and master and we said that an achieved status is one that is acquired through personal efforts which is exactly what a getting a college graduate degree is right you have to work very hard to get a college degree so that is a perfect example of an achieved status now this is in contrast as a reminder to an ascribed status which is the status that is involuntarily given based on things that you can't control like race ethnicity gender family background and so on now a master status just to help you also be able to determine whether two is b or c a master status is one that influences all aspects of an individual's life now while being a college graduate is an important aspect of day-to-day life it doesn't usually pervade every part of your life more so you would say the job that you get afterwards is more determining of maybe say a master status but you getting a college degree Falls best under the category of an achieved status all right maybe being a doctor or you know a lawyer or whatever job that you get uh marketing agent real estate Etc maybe that would best be described as a master status because that kind of pervades your life it's how most people would maybe Define you as or bu whereas an achiev status is something like obtaining a college degree so hopefully that helps clear that up the correct answer for two here is going to be B let's go ahead and move into problems three and four problem three reads a bureaucracy is a specific example of a blank now we talked about bureaucracy when we covered organizations a bureaucracy is an example of an organization specifically one with the goals of Performing complex tasks as efficiently as possible organizations like we discussed are bodies of people with a structure and culture designed to achieve specific goals so the correct answer here is going to be C now in discussing some of the other answer choice is provided here immediate networks and primary groups these are characterized by strong intimate bonds which aren't commonly seen in bureaucracies and then for answer Choice D reference groups are those to which we compare ourselves for various characteristics now let's move on to problem four also in the realm of discussing bureaucracy four says which of the following is not characteristic of a bureaucracy a says rigidly defined work procedures B says requirements for officials to hold an advanced degree C says regular salary increases and D says ele uh election by constituents okay so generally bureaucracies are marked by six characteristics one paid officials on a fixed salary two non-elected officials who are provided rights and privileges as a result of making their career out of holding office three regular salary increases and promotions upon passing things like exams or Milestones four officials who enter the organization by holding an advanced degree or training five responsibilities obligations Privileges and work procedures that are rigidly defined by the organization and six responsibility for meeting the obligations of the office one holds from these six characteristics that we just discussed we can eliminate a couple of answer choices really easily here a is a characteristic of a bureaucracy rigidly defined work procedures that is part of a bureaucracy B says requirement for officials to hold an advanced degree that is correct that defines a bureaucracy that is a characteristic of a bureaucracy C says regular salary increases also another characteristic of a bureaucracy but D says election by constituents that is not necessarily a characteristic of a bureaucracy so the correct answer for four here is going to be D let's go ahead and move into problem five problem five says which of the following is a form of verbal communication we have facial expressions hand gestur written text and body movements now verbal communication uses words whether they be spoken written or signed nonverbal communication that uses other means of signaling emotions or ideas like gestures or body language facial expressions eye contact and personal space looking at the answer choices and trying to pick one that is a verbal communication a form of verbal communication the answer is clearly C right written text it's either spoken language written language or sign language that falls under the category of verbal communication making the correct answer for five here C the other three options by the way facial expressions hand gestures and body movements are all nonverbal communication forms so please make sure that you understand the difference between the two let's go ahead and move into problem six problem six reads which of the following best describes the impression management strategy of aligning actions a says adhering to the behaviors that are expected for a given role in society B says relieving tension brought about by holding conflicting views in one's head ceas as providing socially acceptable reasons to explain unexpected behavior and D says dictating that members of a group should follow similar practices to one another now let's just refresh our memory impression management this refers to the maintenance of a Public Image which is accomplished through various strategies and we talked about things like self-disclosure managing appearances aligning actions alter casting and so on now specifically for Al ining actions which is what this problem is asking for this is the use of excuses to account for questionable behavior and that best aligns with the statement that's made in answer Choice C providing socially acceptable reasons to explain unaccepted behavior and this can manifest as providing an excuse for poor performance or laughing off an inappropriate joke so on and so forth so six is see and just as a reminder I have the table that we had in lecture that we reviewed over um going over different impression management strategy so it's here if you need a reminder seven says all right moving on to the next problem while on the phone a friend says a good friend will let me borrow the bike this friend is using which impression management strategy okay so what they're doing here is they're imposing a role on another person so in this case they're imposing the role of a quote unquote good friend this is the Hallmark of alter casting this is imposing an identity onto another person so the correct answer here for seven is going to be B managing uh appearances this is using props appearances emotional expression or associations with others to create a positive image C here this is using flattery or conforming to expectations to win someone over and then D self-disclosure this is giving information about oneself to establish an identity so reviewing what each of these terms means we again see that the answer that best fits this scenario is going to be B when you say that a good friend would let me borrow the the bike you are imposing a role on another person so seven is B let's go ahead and move into problem 88 says which of the following is an example of society this is the German word for society also this is the German word for communities we made a brief note of this in lecture I will also not attempt to pronounce these words I already have a hard time pronouncing certain English words as English is not my first language and German is not even on the list of languages I can speak so I'm going to refer to this word as Society because that is its translation this word is communities I will also just refer to it as communities which is its translation in English now these two terms they were coined by German sociologist Ferdinand tonis and he established these two major types of groups a group remember is something that consist of two or more people who share similar characteristics and a sense of unity and these two words that he coined translate to community and Society community refers to groups unified by feelings of togetherness which is due to Shared beliefs or ancestry or geography Society refers to groups that are formed because of mutual self-interest working together towards some similar goal companies and countries these are examples of society families and neighborhoods these are good examples of communities so keeping that in mind this problem is specifically asking us which of the following is an example of a society let's look at each of these answer choices a says a large corporation B says a small rural neighborhood C says members of the same family and D says an ethnic an ethnic Enclave in a large city again Society is one in which individuals are just working toward the same goal such as a company or country and the answer that best fits that is going to be a large corporation the other three answer choices best fit under the definition of communities here as opposed to society so eight is a let's move on to problem number nine nine says in some cultures it is considered taboo for one to show Too Much sadness at a funeral in other cultures wailing and crying loudly is expected these cultures differ in their blank now in our discussion about emotions and how emotions are shaped by social context and culture we talked about something called display rules display rules are those that dictate cultural expectations of emotions In some cultures sadness is considered personal and internal and in other cultures sadness is shared externally with the community so this difference between how people display their sadness at a funeral goes back to the display rules of each of these two different cultures and so the correct answer here is going to be B let's move on to 10 10 says which of the following is not a dimension of the system for multiple level observation of groups this is a method for analyzing group dynamics and it considers groups along three dimensions like we talked about in lecture dominance versus submission friendliness versus unfriendliness and instrumentally controlled versus emotionally expressive the only answer to us here that is not a dimension is going to be Conformity versus contrast so that's going to be the correct answer here the other three are dimensions of the system Conformity versus contrast is not and so the correct answer for 10 is going to be C let's go ahead and move into problem 11 problem 11 says political campaign ads often focus on quote unquote exposing and opposing candidates negative characteristics in the dramaturgical approach one would describe this as blank a bringing the front stage self to the backstage B bringing the backstage self to the front stage C removing the front stage self and D says removing the backstage self okay so let's go over the dramaturgical approach this says that individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of the audience the front stage is where the individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve their desired image the backstage is where the individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of their desired image now taking into consideration what this problem is saying if a candidate is exposed then personal characteristics that are usually shielded from public view have been brought in front of the public now this would be pulling aspects of the backstage self to the front stage all right so that would be answer Choice B 11 is going to be B all right let's move on to 12 12 says in the context of impression management which of the following selves is most similar to the a self all right so is it the ideal self the Tactical self the authentic self or the presented self now the a self is who others think we should be the expectations that are essentially imposed by others on us this is going to be the most similar to the Tactical self which is the self we present to others when we adhere to their expectations this is going to be answer choice B the presented self which is answer Choice d by the way is a combination of the authentic the ideal and the Tactical selves remember the authentic self is essentially who you are both negative and positive uh features and characteristics the ideal self is who you aim to be under proper conditions and tactical self like we just said is the self we present to others when we adhere to their expectations so again 12 is going to be B let's go ahead and move into problem 13 13 says The evolutionary role of emotions has been used as support for which model of emotional expression a says the basic model B says the social construction model C says both and D says neither now the basic model of emotion this was proposed by Charles Darwin and it states that emotions serve an evolutionary purpose and thus are similar across culture cultures these seven universal emotions those have been used as support for this Theory now the social construction model it states that emotions are always a product of the current social situation and it doesn't really pause it any biological basis for for emotions implying a lack of a role for emotions in evolution with those two definitions in hand it makes it really easy to answer this question because the answer is going to be a the basic model only this one aligns with what this problem is asking The evolutionary role of emotions has been used to support the basic model 13 is a wonderful let's move into 14 14 says which of the following is an example of intraspecific animal communication intraspecific communication refers to communic ation between members of the same species I just want to remind you of that definition interspecific communication that refers to communication between members of different species right now we're looking for intas specific so same members okay communication between members of the same species let's go through these answer choices a says a dark a a dog who Parks when a stranger enters the house I'm sorry um that is not an example of intraspecific this is interspecific because it's communication between members of different species B says an an angler fish that uses bioluminescent uh appendage to attract prey again this is interspecific communication communication between members of different species so no then C says bats using echolocation to detect the surrounding environment echolocation is not an example of intraspecific communication because the sender of the signal and the recipient are the same organism okay this is actually considered autoc commmunication so this is not correct either D says a cat who uses scent glands to mark his T territory for other cats this is intraspecific communication that scent serves as a form of communication between other cats so this is perfect answer D is correct and then let's do our last and final question 15 says primary groups differ from secondary groups in that blank a says primary groups are shorter lived than secondary groups B says primary groups are larger than secondary groups C says primary groups are formed of stronger bonds than secondary groups and D says primary groups are assigned while secondary groups are chosen just as a reminder primary groups have direct and close bonds between members providing warm personal and intimate relationships to its members secondary groups in contrast are form superficial bonds they tend to last for a shorter period of time the answer choice that best aligns with that is going to be answer Choice C that says primary groups are formed of stronger bonds than secondary groups 15 is C and with that we've completed our practice problem set for this chapter I really hope this was helpful let me know if you have any questions comments concerns other than that good luck happy studying and have a beautiful beautiful day future doctors