Automatic Lubrication System (ALS)

Overview

• Definition: Mechanical devices used in industrial machines and engines to apply specified quantities of lubricant while the machine is operating.
• Also Known As: Centralized Lubrication Systems (CLS).
• Components:
  • Reservoir with a pump
  • Feed lines
  • Metering valves
  • Injectors
  • Connected to a control system via switches

Advantages Over Manual Systems

• Cost Savings: Reduces the need for human resources.
• Safety: Eliminates dangers of accessing hard-to-reach points while machines run.
• Efficiency: Allows lubrication during machine operation, minimizing production disruption.
• Consistency: Ensures measured, consistent lubricant application, avoiding over- or under-lubrication.
• Maintenance: Reduces wear, decreases breakdown frequency, and extends component life.
• Energy Consumption: Adequate lubrication reduces friction and energy use.

System Types

• Based on Lubricant Type:

  • Oil systems for stationary machinery (e.g., CNC mill).
  • Grease systems for mobile machinery (e.g., trucks, mining equipment).

• Based on Control and Distribution Method:

  • Pressure-relief Systems: Use pistons for precise lubricant volume.
  • Resistant Oil Lubricators: Use outlet resistance for continuous flow control.

Feed Line Systems

• Single-line Progressive Systems:

  • Use flow to cycle metering valves and pistons.
  • Fixed valve output with variable cycling time.

• Single-line Parallel Systems:

  • Introduced by Lincoln Engineering in 1937.
  • Suitable for differing lubricant volumes across points.
  • Central pump delivers through a single line.

• Dual-line Parallel Systems:

  • Use alternating pressure on lines.
  • Capable of long-distance lubricant distribution.

• Multi-point Direct Lubricator Systems:

  • Use control systems with drive motors and cams.
  • Simple design and easy troubleshooting.

Additional Notes

• Tribology: Scientific study of interacting surfaces in relative motion, including lubrication.
• Remote Monitoring: Many systems can be remotely monitored and controlled.
• Lincoln Ventmeter: Used to determine appropriate lubricant considering consistency, line diameter, and operating temperature.