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DEVELOPMENT REVIEW WORKSHEET KEY
I. PROCESS OF FERTILIZATION
SECTION 1: Answer the questions about fertilization.
1. What is fertilization? union of nucleus of egg and sperm
2. Where does fertilization take place? fallopian (uterine) tube
3. How many chromosomes in a gamete? 23 (haploid)
4. How many chromosomes in a fertilized egg? 46 (diploid)
II. EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
SECTION 2: Define the terms.
5. Define zygote. fertilized egg ( first cell of a new individual, single diploid cell )
6. Define embryo. ear liest development al stage from 1st cell division (zygote) to about 8/10 wks
7. Define fetus. about eight weeks GA (10 weeks from LMP) until birth
SECTION 3: Answer the questions about the diagram
depicting early embryonic events.
8. What is happening at event A? sperm pe netration
(fertilization)
9. Cell resulting from event A ? zygote
10. Process B ? cleavage
11. Embryonic structure B1 ? blastocyst
12. Completed process C ? implan tation
Label the diagram:
13. blastocyte
14. cleavage
15. fertilization
16. gastrula
17. implantation
18. morula
19. zygote
> Event A
> resulting cell
> Process B
> B1
> Ongoing
> process C
> fertilization
> zygote
> blastocyte
> morul a
> gastrula
> cleavage
> implantation 2
SECTION 4: Depict the derivative structures from the three embryonic layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and
endoderm) by using a designated color to draw in the underlined structures . Fill in the color legend for the
germ layers. Simple lines and shapes fine . For a syst em, you may draw 1 -2 main organs, muscle or
skeleton bone in one arm or leg , etc . Label the underlined structures .
ectoderm mesoderm endoderm
ECTODERM
Epidermis of skin/epidermis ,
hair , nails , skin glands, skin
sense receptors, inner ear ,
cornea an d lens of eye, tooth
enamel
CNS ( brain and spinal cord ),
epithelium of pineal and
pituitary glands
epithelial lining of mouth and
rectum , adrenal medulla
MESODERM
Notochord
Skeletal system; muscular
system; circulatory and
lymphatic systems; excretory
syst em; reproductive system
(except germ cells which start
to differentiate during cleavage)
Dermis of skin
Lining of body cavity
Adrenal cortex
ENDODERM
Epithelial lining of digestive tract
(except mouth and rectum)
Epithelial lining of respiratory
system
Li ver ; pancreas ; thyroid ;
parathyroids ; thymus
Lining of urethra, urinary bladder
and reproduc tive system 3
III. FETAL DEVELOPMENT
SECTION 5: Match the terms with the description of events in fe tal development.
IV. LABOR
26. Define labor. culmination of pregnancy with birth of newborn infants from uterus ________________
SECTION 6: Match the terms with the description of events in fetal development.
SECTION 7: Name the three phases of parturition (labor), and briefly describe each phase.
PHASE NAME DESCRIPTION
31. 1 dilation beginning of labo r until full cervical dilation (~ 10 cm) ; longest phase
32. 2 expulsion full dialation to delivery, baby moves through cervix and vagina (birth)
33. 3 placental expulsion of placenta; follows delivery
SECTION 8: WRITE THE WORD from the Word
Bank to identif y the sequence of events that
occur during labor
34. hypothalamus
35. oxytocin
36. uterine myometrium
37. What kind of feedback loop is this? positive
38. What is the definition of this type of
feedback loop? cycle of increasing
response
39. What is the initial stimulus i n this feedback loop? infant head putting pressure on cervix
40. Does the amount of oxytocin increase or decrease in this feedback loop? increase
41. Do the uterine contractions increase or decrease in this feedback loop? increase
42. What is the event that would s top this feedback loop? baby born; no longer pressure against cervix
20. B tough thin transparent membranes holding embryo/fetus A. amniotic fluid
21. C membranes between developing fetus and mother B. amniotic sac
22. A liquid filling amniotic sac; cushions & prote cts fetus C. chorion
23. F fetus develops within uterus d uring gestation D. placenta
24. D connects fetus to uterine wall to allow for materials exchange E. umbilical cord
25. E connecting cord from developing embryo or fetus to placenta F. uterus
27. C stimulates powerful uterine contractions A. endorphins
28. A calm, relieve pain B. estrogen
29. D stimulat e cervical dilation C. oxytocin
30. B stimulates myometrium growth for strong muscle contractions D. prostaglandins
> uterine
> myometrium
> hypothalamus
> oxytocin 4
SECTION 9: WRITE THE WORD from the Word Bank to identify the stem cell desc riptions.
WORD BANK bone marr ow stem
cells
cord
blood
embryonic stem
cells
multipotent pluripotent stem cells
SECTION 10 : Write the word from the Word Bank to identify the STD and disease/disorder descriptions.
WORD BANK chlamydia genital
herpes
gonorrhea human
papilloma
virus
syphilis
breast cancer ovarian
cancer
prostate cancer testicular
cancer
43. stem cells
"master cells; building blocks of organ tissue, blood, and immune
system
44. pluripotent differentiate into all derivatives of three primary germ layers
45. multip otent
produce limited number of cell types, such as blood stem cell that can
develop into several types of blood cells
46. bone marrow stem cells multipotent stem cells in bone marrow
47. cord blood
blood remaining in placenta and attached umbilical cord after childbirth;
multipotent
48. embryonic stem cells stem cells derived from inner cell mass of blastocyst; pluripotent
49. breast cancer cause of cancer death in women that starts in mammary tissues
50. gonorrhea
bacteria that causes painful urination in men and no symptoms in
women
51. human papilloma virus
most common sexually transmitted infection that can cause genital
warts and increased risk of cervical cancer
52. ovarian cancer cancer that begins in the female organs that produce eggs
53. syphilis
Bacteria that causes a painless sore that leads to a rash and potential
damage to the brain, nerves, eyes, or heart.
54. prostate cancer occurs in small, walnut -sized structure that wraps around urethra
55. genital herpes
virus that causes sores on the genitals, fever and increased risk of
cervical cancer
56. testicular cancer
occurs in the epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules ; most co mmon
cancer in young men
57. chl amydia
bacteria that causes painful urination and intercourse as well as
discharge