hello friends welcome to the viva wars of anatomy today we will see the back of a leg in the back of the leg first we will discuss the muscle of the back of the leg which are divided into two groups the superficial group and the deep the muscles of the superficial group are the gastrocnemius plantaris and the soleus right so first we discuss the gastrocnemius the gastrocnemium is muscle you can see this one restrict memories muscle the most important it is having a two head the median head and the lateral head the medial head will arise from the posterior superior aspect of a medial bonding of a femur just behind adductor tuber and also the adjoining area of a popliteal surface of a femur the medial head the lateral head the lateral head will arise from the lateral surface of a soft uh lateral surface of the femoral lateral femoral condyle just above the lateral epicondyle right now this true head will unite to form the pressy part this will again unite with the tendon of a soleus muscle that lies deep to it and form the common tendon which is known as a tendo calcaneus right and through the endocalcaneus this will get inserted into the rough middle one third of a posterior surface of a calcaneum bond so this is the gastrocnemius muscle it is supplied by the tbl now right now now the main action of a gastrocnemius is a it is a powerful plantar flexion plantar flexor it also causes the flexion of a knee joint right so this is gastrocnemius now the shape of the gastrocnemius is like a bailey the strum that's why it is its name is given the stroke nameless now the second muscle is the soleus muscle that lies deep to it but before that we see one the small muscle that lies deep to the lateral head of a gastrocnemius that muscle is a plantaris okay right so this is plantar response see the plantaris muscle okay the plantaris muscle is having very small fleshy part or a belly pot and having the long tendon this long tendon passes between the gastrocnemius and the soleus muscle see deeply and going from the lateral to medial side see this is the tendon of the plantar is again okay going from the lateral to medial side and get inserted just medial to the tendon calcium that is on the middle one third of the posterior surface of a kerkin the plantar is muscle it is a weak plantar fracture of a food right also supplied by the tibia now the third muscle is a soleus muscle soleus is called a soleus because it's safe is like a stone or a flat face okay now to see the soleus we will cut the origin part this two head of the gastrocnemius right so i am cutting the two head of the stroke menus this is the little head okay now the medium okay here also again you can see the tendon of a plantar is clearly this one a plantar disperser right now below this deep muscle in the superficial compartment the soleus muscle the soleus muscle is called soleus because its shape is a soul or a flat face right now it arises from the both the tibia as well as fibula from the tbi it will arises from the foliar line right from the sole line from the fibula it is arises from the posterior surface of the head and the upper one-fourth of a posterior surface of shaft of the fibula between the posterior border and the medial wrist right and also it will arise from the arch tendon between the tibia and the fibula the soleus is united below its tendon is united below with the tendon of a gastrocnemius right and again it will form the tendon calculus muscle that we have is origin or insertion the soleus muscle is also supplied by the tbl now its accent is a it is a powerful it is also a powerful planted flexure of a food now the difference between the soleus and the gastrocnemius is that the soleus is a slowly acting but more powerful than the gastrocnemius so you can say it act as a bottom gear during the strolling okay and the gastrocnemius will the of the image will act as a top gear during the running and the walking and the jumping now we see the muscle of the deep compartment of the leg but before we see one one more retinaculum that is a flexor retention lies on the lower part of the uh medial surface of the leg right this is the flexor problem the attachment of the flexor retinaculum anteriorly it is attached to the posterior water and the tip of our medial malleolus and the posteriorly it is attached to the medial border of a calcaneum tuberosity now the structure passing the to the retina from the medial to lateral side are the tendon of the vpn is posterior some material of flexor digitorum longus muscle the posterior tbl artery the tbr now and the flexor values is longest muscle so you can remember this structure from medial to lateral by one demonic that is the doctors are not here the offer tbr is posterior d for digital flexor disease are for artery cruciate with artery and for now that is the tpl now and edge here the values that is the flexor and uses locals now we see the deep structure of a back of the leg for that i have to cut the soleus muscle along with it the tendon of the plantaris okay so from the middle part i have got the soleus muscle okay here you can see the deep structure of the back of the leg first deep muscle of the back of the leg that lies in the upper part that is a popliteous muscle the popliteal muscle is arising from the anterior row part of a popliteal fossa which is lies on a lateral condyle of a femur the fibers will occupy the popliteal group passes the back of the knee and it will get inserted into the triangular area above the solenoid line right and also to the fascia covering the soleus the population muscle the popliteus muscle man action is an unknocking of a knee joint and it's supplied by a tbr now the remaining deep muscle of the back of the leg we can press that muscle from the ankle joint that passes below the flexor alternating right so medial most is a tibialis posterior then flexor digitorum longus and flexor and lysis reverse now i will trace the first the tbl is posterior in the upper part see the tbl is posterior cross the uh tendon of a flexor digitorum longus from lateral to medial side right this is a tendon of flexor digitorum longus and in the upper part you can see this muscle this is the tbl exposed here and it is crossing from the literal to medial side so in the lower part it lies medial to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus tbl is posterior takes the origin from the back of the both the bone tibia as well as fibula in the tibia it will take origin from the upper two-third of a lateral part of a posterior surface of a soft of a tibia below the solenoid whereas in the fibula it will takes origin from the upper two third of a posterior surface of a shaft of the fibula between the area of the medial crest and intermediate uh intrusious border right now this two part of origin they will combine to form the common belly then it this tendon passing behind the group of a medial melanocy behind the median values there is a group so the tendon of tbl is posterior passing behind that groove and it will get inserted principally to the tuberosity of a navicular mod right and then it will passes its slips which will get inserted to the all the tarsal and the metadata bonds except the taylor swan the first and the fifth metadata so this is the origin insertion of tbr exposed here now the main action tbl is posterior is a inverter of a foot it will cause the inverter of a foot and it also [Music] maintain the medial longitudinal arch of the now the second muscle that in the lower part lies lateral to the tbl especially here flexor digitorum longus and in the upper part it lies medial to the tbls posterior now this part the flexor digitorum longus will arises from the upper two-third of a medial part of the posterior surface of a sac of a tibia below the sodium line flexor digitorum longus now the tendon is divided into the five slips into the sole of a foot and it will get inserted on the plantar surface of a digital phalanx and into its base flexor digitorum longus right the last muscle is a flexor flexor and this is longest this one the flexor and leaves this longest muscle will takes origin from the lower three-fourth of a posterior surface of the shaft of the fibula between the medial crist and the posterior water right now its tendon passes below the flexor retinaculum and it get inserted into the base of digital phallics of a great toe over its plantar surface now the all the muscles of the back of the leg are supplied by the tbl nerve this is the posterior tbl artery which begins at the lower border of obliteous muscle from the popliteal artery and it ends by dividing into medial and little plantar artery beneath the flexor retinaculum now throughout this course it is accompanied by vena cavitans these are the mana committers medium medium size wings okay now the branches of posterior tbl artery are the circumflex tubular artery then peroneal artery is the main branch here is the aeronautical artery then other branches are the nutrient artery muscular branches then combinating branch then medial medullo branch then calcaneum branch and terminal branches are the medial plantar and lateral plantar artery now the one of the important branch of a posteriority artery is nutrient artery to to the tibia now this nutrient artery to the tibia is the largest nutrient artery in the body arising from the posterior tibial artery now the last structure of the back of the leg that is the tibial knob right the tibial now is a terminal branch of the ciatic now and its its root value is the ventral division of interior primary ramy of l four five s one two three okay now it right apart from this terminal branch it will give a muscular branch to the all the muscle of the back of the leg the articular branch to the ankle joint and the cutaneous branch which pierce the flexor retentable and supply the back of the heel back and the load surface to supply the back and the lower surface of the heat so this is all about the back of the lake thank you you