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Networking Devices Overview

Jul 9, 2025

Overview

This lecture clarifies the differences between Wi-Fi, Internet, and networking devices, explaining how each device contributes to home and office connectivity.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

  • ISPs (Internet Service Providers), not "Wi-Fi providers", deliver internet to homes and offices.
  • Common ISPs include IndiHome, FirstMedia, FastNet, MyRepublic, Indosat GIG, BizNet, and Bali Fiber.
  • ISPs use various connection types: fiber optic (most common), coaxial cable, telephone cable, wireless (radio/cellular), or satellite.

Modem

  • A modem (modulator-demodulator) translates data from the ISP to a usable format for your network.
  • Different modem types match different connection cables: dial-up, DSL, coaxial, fiber optic, or radio.
  • Modems used to connect directly to one device, but now typically link to a router to serve many devices.

Router

  • A router connects the modem to your local network and manages internet traffic between devices.
  • The router assigns IP addresses and acts as the gateway between local devices and the internet.

Local Area Network (LAN) Devices

  • Switches and hubs connect multiple wired devices within a local network; switches are more efficient than hubs.
  • The number of switch ports determines how many devices can be connected via cable.
  • Access Points create wireless (Wi-Fi) connections, replacing cables for device connectivity.
  • A network can exist with only switches/hubs/access points (without internet) for local data sharing.

Wi-Fi and Access Points

  • Wi-Fi enables wireless communication within the local network but does not provide internet by itself.
  • Access Points are dedicated devices for providing Wi-Fi connectivity.

All-in-One Devices

  • ISPs usually provide a single device combining modem, router, switch, and access point functions.
  • This all-in-one device is convenient but may not offer the fastest speeds or best performance.

Upgrading Networking Equipment

  • Users often add advanced routers or access points for better Wi-Fi speed or coverage.
  • Upgrading Wi-Fi equipment improves local connection but does not increase ISP-provided internet speed.

Special Cases

  • Some devices combine multiple modems (e.g., cable and 4G/LTE via SIM card) for redundant internet sources.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • ISP (Internet Service Provider) — Company that delivers internet service to your location.
  • Modem — Device that converts data signals between your ISP and your home network.
  • Router — Manages internet connections and directs network traffic; assigns IP addresses.
  • Switch — Connects multiple wired devices within a network efficiently.
  • Hub — Similar to a switch but less efficient at managing data traffic.
  • Access Point — Device providing wireless (Wi-Fi) connectivity within a network.
  • Wi-Fi — Wireless networking standard for connecting devices without cables.
  • LAN (Local Area Network) — Private network for devices within a limited area like a home or office.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Remember: Wi-Fi enables device connections; the internet is provided by the ISP via modem and router.
  • Distinguish between network devices and their functions when setting up or troubleshooting your connection.