Federalist 70: The Case for a Single Executive

Introduction

• Discussion on Federalist 70, a key document for AP Government.
• Written by Alexander Hamilton.
• Focuses on the justification for a single executive or president.

Context

• During the Constitution's ratification debates, Anti-Federalists opposed a single executive.
• Anti-Federalists feared a monarch-like power and proposed multiple presidents.
• Hamilton argues against this idea in Federalist 70.

Hamilton's Argument for a Single Executive

Energetic Executive

• Definition: An energetic executive is essential for a good government.
  • A single executive can act quickly and decisively.
  • In contrast, legislative branches are slow due to the need for debate and compromise.

Benefits of Energy in Executive

1. Unity

   • Unity leads to energy and decisiveness.
   • A single executive promotes decision, activity, secrecy, and dispatch.
   • Historical examples show multiple executives lead to division and hinder effectiveness.
   • Division could impede government measures during emergencies, leading to factionalism.

2. Responsibility

   • Multiple executives obscure faults and destroy accountability.
   • It's difficult to pinpoint blame when power is shared among several executives.
   • A single executive makes it clear who is responsible for any mismanagement or abuse of power.
   • If the executive acts corruptly, the public knows who to hold accountable at the next election.

Conclusion

• Despite fears of monarchical power, a single executive can best fulfill the office's duties.
• Provides clarity on responsibility and enhances governmental efficiency.
• Encourages understanding of Federalist 70 for success in exams and courses.

• Note: Review packets and video subscriptions are advised for further study and exam preparation.