Pulp stones, also known as denticles, are nodular calcified masses appearing in dental pulp. We can find many such ectopic calcifications in other parts of the body. Classification. Depending on their location, pulp stones can be classified as coronal pulp stones, when pulp stones are located in the coronal part of the pulp, that is the pulp chamber. And radicular pulp stone, when pulp stones are located in the radicular part of the pulp, that is in the pulp canals. Radicular pulp stones are more common than coronal pulp stones. Depending on their structure, pulp stones can be classified as true pulp stones, when pulp stones are structurally similar to dentin. They have odontoblasts at the periphery, dentinal tubules with odontoblastic processes running through the pulp stone. True pulp stones are more common near the root apex. False pulp stones. When pulp stones are not similar to dentin. They appear as concentric layers of calcification. False pulp stones are more common than true pulp stones. Depending on the relationship with dentin, pulp stones can be classified as free pulse stones, when pulp stones are entirely surrounded by pulp tissue. Attached pulp stones, when pulp stones are partially fused with dentin and embedded pulp stones, when pulp stones are entirely surrounded by dentin. Now how are pulp stones formed? Well that depends on what type of pulp stone are we talking about. There are some theories. Formation of true pulp stones. During the stages of tooth development, specifically speaking during root formation, the cells of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, initiate differentiation of cells of dental papilla into odontoblasts, which in turn deposit radicular dentin. It is theorized, that few cells of this root sheath may get incorporated into the dental pulp. These cells then induce cells of the pulp to differentiate into odontoblasts, which in turn deposit dentin and form pulp stones. Formation of false pulp stones. In this case it is theorized that few contents of the pulp may act as a nidus for calcification, which once initiated continues with layered deposition of more minerals. The nidus may be a collagen fiber blood, vessel or necrotic cells. Formation of pulp stones in relationship to dentin. It is theorized that initially all pulp stones formed are free pulp stones, with time as secondary dentin deposition continues and size of the pulp chamber reduces the pulp stone first gets attached to the dentin and then finally gets completely embedded in dentin. Incidence. It is known that the incidence of pulp stones depends on the age of the patients such that as the age of the patient increases, the number of pulp stones increase. According to some reports a person between 10 to 30 years will have some calcification in 66% of teeth. A person between 30 to 50 years will have some calcification in 80% of teeth and a person over 50 years will have some calcification in 90% of teeth. Symptoms. The patient in this case is completely asymptomatic and is unaware of the presence of pulp stones. Diagnosis. Pulp stores are diagnosed by radiographic investigations. In a dental radiograph all the calcified structures, that is, enamel, dentin and bone appear radioopaque. Only the pulp appears radiolucent. Pulp stone appears as a radio opacity in the pulp chamber as it is also a calcified structure. Finally treatment. Pulp stones require no treatment, although during treatment of an infected tooth having a pulp Stone the dentist may find it difficult to carry out the root canal treatment.