Hostile Architecture Lecture Notes

Introduction to Hostile Architecture

• Definition: Architectural designs that deter homeless individuals from occupying public spaces.
• Examples: Spikes on window sills, curved benches, armrests in the middle of benches, large rocks under bridges.
• Criticism: Seen as cruel and targeting the needy.

Examples of Hostile Architecture in New York

Subway Systems

• Removal of benches at the 23rd Street and 6th Avenue subway stop led to public outrage.
• Replacement with leaning spots which are less functional.
• Benches reinstalled with armrests to prevent lying down.
• Violation of Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) alleged.
• Reduction in loitering reported after removing seatbacks from benches.
• Quality of life reduced for all subway users.

Train Stations

• Moynihan Train Hall: No seats available despite being a new, billion-dollar facility.
• Penn Station: Limited seating with a one-hour limit and ticket requirement.
• Design choices appear intentionally hostile to prevent loitering.
• Security measures to prevent sitting on the floor.

Public Parks

• Highline Park: Features architectural elements that are uncomfortable to sit or lie on.
• Zuccotti Park: Known for its role in the Occupy Wall Street movement.
  • Cold granite benches and nightmarish angles designed to deter long stays.
  • Protests managed despite hostile design.

Broader Implications

• Hostile architecture exposes the dark side of city planning.
• Does not solve homelessness; only displaces it.
• Critics argue for a balance between clean public spaces and humane treatment of the needy.

Conclusion

• Hostile architecture is prevalent in New York's public spaces.
• Debate on whether such designs lower the standard of living for everyone.
• The need for more humane and inclusive urban planning solutions.