[Music] foreign what are the various dimensions of vastu shastra Etc in this video we will be discussing one of the part of the vastu shastra which is called as town planning when we discuss about town or when we discuss about any country the vastu shastra takes the village as the basic unit of analysis of any town planning the Village is the basic unit for example if we take a country it is made up of certain number of villages and towns in arthashastra the kautilya provides a hierarchical system of categories of settlements of settlements by location function and number of inhabitants ah like it takes Tania or drona mukha these are different types of sets of villages like drona mukha is a set of some 400 or 600 Villages similarly we have stania where there are more than 800 Villages available and even not only the number of villages also kautilya mentions how many inhabitants must be there in such villages if we go more into this concept of town planning the classification of villages and towns is based on the area location Street plan types of residences protective mode Temple and composition of social groups if we go and see in some of the texts like Narada Shilpa shastra we find 14 different types of towns are described there let us see those types of towns which are described there this is rajdhani which is capital city that's the one type of town which we call as rajadhani or a capital city here this is actually primary Abode of King has subha at the center of this city Sabha means assembly then the second is patana then we have drona mukha then there is a Durga Durga is nothing but a fortified town with 12 types of forts have been discussed in this Narada Shilpa shastra then we have staniya means Tania is the place where there are 800 villages then we have uh shakhanagara which is subsidiary town which is still developing like a town earlier it is a village but then gradually it will become a town then we have karvatica where it is the which is situated at the center of 200 Villages then Keta smaller town mainly of Labor class then we have a town ah category called nigama which is a market mainly of Artisans then we have grama smaller than nigama then 11th type of category is Mata vihara is actually the residential University or Village presently whatever we call University or ah the institution earlier during the time of arthashastra or later during ancient India these were called as Mata vihara even now some Mata and viharas run small institution Education Centers so these are different categories of towns mentioned in the vastu texts now this Villages these are the types of villages that is fine but then what should be the designs of these Villages what should be the design of these towns so that also is explained in some of the texts of vastu one such text is manasara which says there are eight type of designs possible for town planning such as now if we see dandaka the word danda itself says it's a stick cars phalangs or stuff so in this type of Village or town parallel set of straight streets can be found it can be from one to five Crossing each other at right angles so if we go into more detail these type of towns are meant for priests Sages intellects and number of houses can be from 12 to 3000 then if we go and see nandyavartha type of town it should have one to five Carriage roads together with the surrounding Street internal roads have one foot path and the outer have two foot paths so the shape will be somewhat like a square or oblong itself says which is safe from all the sides means from all sides and bhadra means safe then we have padmaka swastika prastara these are eight types different types of town planning or town structures or designs available for town planning now let's see what ah some of these and understand how relevant they are if we take dandaka it is meant for the people who want to spend their retired life peacefully this type of Village is the smallest of all so when the people get retired they want peaceful life but in the society or the house where they are living that might not be possible so dandaka type of planning can be one such from all sides it's safe such Villages should be built where multiple challenges and complexities can arise over time one such Village we can see in India if you can guess okay let me tell that that's Chandigarh which is planned based on the sarvato bhadra style of town then another type of plan which we have is karmuca karmuka means bow the shape of Village must be in a bow formation these type of villages or towns must be built at a seashore some example which I can give for this type of town planning is pumphar and kaveri Patna insult then another type of planning is prasthara literally means couch or bed another city of India that is Jaipur is built based on this planning so here are some pictures which you can see which are based on the explanation which I have given earlier when you plan a town or a village it needs a very good road to take care of the traits Etc so in Ancient India too we had a very good road Network as explained in Vishnu purana's chapter number 38 that vehicular streets which also in Sanskrit which is called ratya Avenues and men's roads were constructed separately in the city is another text which prescribes as many as 34 roads in a model town running both from east to west as well as south to North now not only that there are different types of Roads mentioned like Raja Marga maharathya Yana Marga and for each of these type of margas or roads the measurement is also given in the ancient texts like for Raja Marga which is the road for the Kings or the higher authorities there are again three types of measurements possible means the Elder means the biggest one or the largest one madhya means the medium one and kanishtha means the smaller one so the biggest ma road which is possible is would be the width would be of 36 feet and the for Raja Marga I am saying and middle thing if we take it will be 30 feets and the smaller will be 24. as I wanted to mentioned footpaths so footpath if the larger footpath or The Wider footpath will be of 400 four and a half feet and the smaller will be of three feets so that's how the shastra texts mention every state or country or a town must have an assembly hall that's what our ancient text to say to conduct various events where large number of people can come and join so such assembly Halls are explained in ancient texts an assembly hall is a public hall often found in places Palace constructions ah for example in modern day if we see we have this rashtrapati bhavana and Parliament Etc these are actually assembly halls or weekends called Sabah Hall if we take with perspective of states or something we have Town Halls etcetera in samarangana sutradhara eight different types of designs have been proposed for Sabha construction when there are eight what differences we can see will be the question so differences is not any major difference but the difference will will be related to the design of entrance or all pillars purchase etcetera in chapter 25th of mayamatam it describes nine types of Hall Sabha with details of the length breadth and the number of main pillars and peripheral pillars if we go more and see the texts the elaborate description of different types of square shaped and rectangular shaped Pavilions which is actually called mandapa is also given details provided include the proportion to be followed the height and diameter of the pillars decorations Arrangements of the pillars and their overall appearance can be found not only that there are details of designs pertaining to other Public Utilities such as theater art gallery and Law Court in the vastu texts so in this whole video we have discussed that what is town planning and what are the different types of town what are different types of designs can be taken from the ancient texts also we have seen what type of Roads how many roads what will be the measurement of Roads needed to be constructed in the towns and if we need a hall how should it be so these aspects we have seen in this video in next video we will be discussing about another interesting concept of vastu that is Temple architecture namaste [Music]