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Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWHs): Key Facts & Mnemonics

Jul 13, 2024

Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWHs): Key Facts & Mnemonics

Overview

  • Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWHs) are derived from heparin.
  • Generally safer than standard heparin due to lower risk of bleeding.
  • Important for NCLEX preparation.

Mnemonics

  • Toy Harpoon: Symbol for heparin; helps remember LMWHs as smaller versions of heparin.

Drug Names

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

  • Mnemonic: Eggnog (sounds like Enoxaparin).
  • Brand Name: Lovenox.
  • Note: For NCLEX, focus on the generic name Enoxaparin.

Fondaparinux

  • Mnemonic: Fondue (sounds like Fondaparinux).
  • Not as commonly used as Enoxaparin but important to know.
  • Technical Note: Not a LMWH but has a similar mechanism of action.

Dalteparin

  • Mnemonic: Doll (remember Dalteparin).

Clinical Uses

  • Blood Thinners: Prevent blood clot formation.
  • Post-Surgery Use: Often used in post-surgery patients at increased risk of DVTs due to limited mobility.
  • Advantages: More predictable reactions in the body, less intense blood monitoring compared to standard heparin.

Potential Side Effects

Thrombocytopenia

  • Mnemonic: Falling plates (low platelets).
  • Technical Term: Thrombocytopenia or low platelet count.
  • Details: Similar to Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT), but less common with LMWHs.

Bleeding

  • Mnemonic: Shattered glass cutting; reminds of bleeding risks.
  • Details: Longer bleeding times expected, still needs monitoring though less intense than with normal heparin.

Recap

  • Drugs: Enoxaparin, Fondaparinux, Dalteparin.
  • Uses: Prevent blood clots, especially in post-surgery DVT-risk patients.
  • Safety: Safer than unfractionated heparin, potential side effects include thrombocytopenia and bleeding.

Conclusion

  • Mnemonic Learning: Simplifies complex topics; like receiving presents for the holidays.
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