Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

Presenter

• Cathy from Level Up RN

Overview

• Discussion on gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
• Includes a quiz to test knowledge on key points.

Gastritis

• Definition: Inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
• Risk Factors:
  • H. pylori infection
  • Long-term NSAID use
  • Smoking
  • Stress
  • Heavy alcohol use
• Signs & Symptoms:
  • Dyspepsia (heartburn/indigestion)
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Stomach pain
  • Bloating
  • Lack of appetite
  • Potential ulcer formation leading to bleeding and anemia
• Diagnostic Tools:
  • EGD with biopsy
  • Upper GI series
  • Fecal occult blood test
  • Urea breath test for H. pylori
• Treatment:
  • Lifestyle modifications: Avoid alcohol, quit smoking, reduce stress
  • Medications: PPIs, H2 antagonists, antacids
  • Antibiotics for H. pylori infection

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

• Definition: Erosion in the mucosa of the stomach, esophagus, or duodenum.
• Key Risk Factors:
  • H. pylori infection
  • Chronic NSAID and corticosteroid use
• Signs & Symptoms:
  • Epigastric pain
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Bloating
  • Hematemesis (bloody vomit)
  • Melena (bloody stools)
  • Pain pattern:
    • Gastric ulcer: Pain 15-30 min post meal, worse during the day, aggravated by eating
    • Duodenal ulcer: Pain 2-3 hours post meal, worse at night, relieved by eating
• Diagnostic Tool:
  • EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
• Treatment:
  • Antibiotics for H. pylori
  • Medications: H2 blockers, PPIs, antacids, sucralfate
  • Patient teaching: Avoid NSAIDs, caffeine, smoking, and alcohol
• Complications:
  • Hypovolemic shock:
    • Caused by extensive bleeding
    • Symptoms: Hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased urine output
    • Treatment: Blood products, IV fluids
  • Perforation:
    • Leads to peritonitis (contamination of peritoneal cavity)
    • Symptoms: Severe pain, fever, rigid abdomen
    • Treatment: Emergency surgery, peritoneal lavage, wound VAC

Quiz Questions Recap

1. Key bacterial infection causing gastritis and PUD?
   • Answer: H. pylori infection.
2. Gastric vs Duodenal Ulcer Symptoms:
   • Pain 2-3 hours after meal? Duodenal Ulcer
   • Pain decreased with eating? Duodenal Ulcer
   • Pain worse in the daytime? Gastric Ulcer
3. Complication of PUD causing severe pain and rigid abdomen?
   • Answer: Perforation, leading to peritonitis.

Conclusion

• Encourage engagement and subscription to Level Up RN channel.
• Emphasize the importance of sharing resources with classmates.