take revision with Mrs swanny poo hi year 11 this is the second video um to help you with the multiple choice and short answer questions for your year 11 mock so in this video we're going to be covering um some different types of kind of scales of manufacturing and the main ones that we're going to be having a really quick look at are things that you maybe haven't heard of before we've done just in time before that's come up I think in a previous exam um we will go through that very very quickly some of you will know that from business um but the two that we're gonna have a look at in a bit more detail are these two so flexible manufacturing systems and lean manufacturing remember again that this is going to be a multiple choice question so you don't need to know too much detail um hopefully by watching this video you'll be able to work out which one is the right answer when you come to the mock so we are going to have a quick look at this first um term called flexible manufacturing systems these are Manufacturing Systems that can be easily adapted and changed okay so if you're making any notes you might want to make a note of that they can be changed and easily adapted to make different products to make different shaped products to make different colors to make whatever okay so sometimes Manufacturing Systems are designed to make one thing and they make that thing all day long all night long in mass production or automated kind of production and it might be that they make the lids on print sticks and that's all they make okay now flexible manufacturing systems can make a wide range of different products and they can also easily respond to changes in um what the user wants so for example the user might suddenly want green t-shirts when before everyone wanted red a flexible manufacturing system would be able to respond to that and change quickly Okay so some of these pieces of equipment here at the top so this one this one and this one are all are all good examples of FMS flexible manufacturing systems okay and the reason they are they are all you may want to make a note of this they are all automated so they are using computer aided manufacturer um they can all be programmed quite easily and then it can also do a large variety of different things so for example this one here which is the laser cutter it can cut a wide oh gosh what's going on with my pen it can it can cut a wide range of different materials it doesn't have to just cut wood or acrylic or whatever you can put a wide range of different materials in there and depending on the design that you put in it can be easily changed so in school we've got one it's a very flexible manufacturing system because I might have 10 different students in one day come up to me and ask me to make 10 different things and that piece of Machinery can do that it is flexible same with a 3D printer if you want to change what you are making on a 3D printer you just change the file okay it's really really oh it's really really easy to do all right I'm going to stop writing because this is definitely not working so you can easily change the file change the um you know what it's printing you can even change the filament to a different color if you wanted to print something different so this is let's try one more time 3D printer oh dear this last one here is called a CNC router you're gonna have to take my word for it because that writing is horrendous um and again we've got one of these in the workshop and depending on how you program it it can easily change easily adapt and cut out a wide range of different things so these pieces of equipment can be easily changed and can adapt to change really really quickly in contrast to something like this down here ooh this is a injection molding machine and we've spoken about this in lessons this is very difficult to change what it is manufacturing it takes time to change because you have to change the mold each time and the mold can be a really big piece of stainless steel very very heavy they cost a lot of money to make so you would have to invest in a lot of different molds if you wanted to make a lot of different products which gets very expensive so you can see that an injection molding machine like the one on the bottom there is not flexible it's not easy to quickly change what you are Manufacturing in contrast to those pieces of Machinery at the top which can really quickly change okay I hope that makes sense right okay the next thing we are going to talk about is called lean manufacturing and this is actually a Japanese uh kind of manufacturing technique and the idea of this is you might want to be writing this down is to minimize costs and maximize efficiency so they look at all different areas of the manufacturing process and they think about how they can make it as lean as streamlined as efficient as possible so there's lots of different things that they can look at and Toyota Japanese car manufacturer use lean manufacturing a lot and what they do is they look at lots of different ways that things are wasted in the manufacturing process so it could be that there is unnecessary transportation that could be Transportation around the factory that could be transportation of Parts across the country can they manufacture those in-house so they might look at can they streamline or slim down the amount of transportation that is going on in their production line they also want to make sure that they are not over producing um products so making sure that they're not making too many products that are not going to sell wasting materials wasting uh time because what might happen is those may may not be wanted by the customer and that is not going to be efficient they also would look at unnecessary motion so a really good example of this is that on there um assembly line when they're making their cars they make sure that all of the tools and equipment that they need are as close by as possible so they don't have to walk halfway across the factories to grab a certain component or a certain tool everything is within Arm's Reach which speeds up the manufacturing process so it's cuts down on any unnecessary moving around or walking around by the workers to make sure that things are made as quickly as possible and as efficiently as possible um they try and make sure that they don't have any excess inventory so this links quite nicely to just in time production which tries to make that you uh tries to ensure that you don't have any excess materials when something is ordered it's made and it goes out straight away so you don't have to store it okay another thing that they try and cut down on is any idle time or waiting around so you don't want people in your production line to be stood there just waiting having a cup of tea waiting for the car to move down the assembly line can you make sure that they are doing something else or that things can be done at the same time so that no one is waiting or wasting any time um you can look at over processing similar to overproduction so thinking about um not using too many uh materials not again wasting those very similar to overproduction you try and reduce the amount of defects and the amount of mistakes that are made during the manufacture of the process so by making sure that everything is really clear everything is really well labeled the workers know exactly what they are doing reducing the defects is going to reduce costs and any kind of waste materials and this one's really interesting it uh actually in lean manufacturing they they really try and make sure that they are getting the workers um opinions um on how they can improve the manufacturing process so they might say oh I could do this rather than this and they welcome that feedback and they use that to help improve the manufacturing process so they're making sure they've got the right people in the right place okay so lean manufacturing is trying to make it as streamlined minimized costs and maximize efficiency by Saving on all of these different things okay and last but not least really really quickly because um just in time does link quite nicely with Lean Manufacturing so just in time the idea that you are only making a product when it's been ordered by the customer so the customer would place an order then you would order materials and components that you needed it would be manufactured and then sent out straight away to the customer so you are reducing the amount of materials that you need to store you're stopping any of your products having to go into storage like into a warehousing which would obviously cost a lot of lighting security heating blah blah blah um also it means that you don't have loads of money tied up in materials that aren't being used so lean manufacturing kind of has a similar kind of viewpoint with just in time they're quite often used together so just really really quickly some advantages of just in time it reduces the amount of space needed for storage you don't need massive warehouses it means that you have less money tied up uh meaning that you've got more money to spend in other parts of the business and invest in other parts of the business but some disadvantages are you need to make sure that things are delivered on time because if you don't have your materials delivered at time uh on time it's going to mean that the customer has to wait um and I'm currently waiting for the machinery for our new room and I'm very grumpy about that so sometimes that can lose your customers um and um you need to make sure that your products are made to a high standard being fault free um because you know if you wait that amount of time for a product to come you want it to be of high quality so advances just in time uh tie really nicely with lean manufacturing it's all about reducing cost and maximizing efficiency okay hope that was useful again it's only for the that short little multiple choice as long as you're happy with those Concepts you should be fine later