alright alright alright let's talk about Texas populism now I'll kind of give you a fair warning on this lecture this lecture is going to kind of go in a little bit more with US history - mmm because populism ISM is a national movement but Texas is gonna play a pretty prominent role in it so promise not a chronicle so let's look at what's going on with Texas populism now we ended last lecture looking at some of the problems that farmers are facing commodity prices for their goods is dropping debts farmers debts increasing and you're going to have also a growing number of tenant farmers basically farmers that are renting land to grow because they need to produce more crops in order to make ends meet because the price of the crops are going down and so early on you're gonna have the establishment of the Grange the Grange is gonna be stunted is gonna be or otherwise known as the patrons of husbandry let me get the slide working here any day now it will be established by Oliver H Kelly now the Grange established in 1867 is trying to fix the plight of a lot of farmers because Kelly he's an employee of the US Department of Agriculture and so he's doing is he's trying to create a confederacy of organizations now when I say confederacy I'm not talking about the Confederacy the Confederacy is a government a separate country but this Confederacy it is basically a loose-knit alliance of organizations and cooperatives and so cooperatives are thinking but as this way where you get a whole bunch of people together they buy in and they form this business where they're they're helping one another out so you don't see too much of this I mean they're they're they're building a co-op here in New Braunfels I was pretty excited to see that but I mainly see them out in West Texas and so I'll give you an example my father-in-law worked at a cotton gin which was created by a co-op so a whole bunch of cotton farmers in the area pulled all their their mind together and created this co-op and this cotton gin so they they form all their cotton they and so it gives them a place to bring it all in because they can't build it all within their you know their own by their own means so instead they're pulling all their resources together and doing it so coops just like this name they are cooperating they are cooperative and so but this co-operative is trying to regulate the sale of crops and so what he's trying to do is get farmers to cooperate with one another st. by basically they're going to organize gonna say all right Billy Bob you take your crops in on this day and Jim Bob you can take it in a little bit later and there let's see here Bob Bob you gotta wait at another time and so what they're doing is they're not they're staggering when the crops make it to market so that they can artificially keep the price of the crops higher and so this is just manipulating the markets as a way of trying to help but as you can imagine this is not gonna last very long cuz do human beings tend to crop or cooperate with one another in these loosely organized manners not so much they're gonna say well I'm coming in later and it's you know by this time that price is lower than when Jim Bob took his in and I'm just gonna take it in when I want so I can make money myself so things are gonna die pretty quick with with that so you can see some of the problems that they're having labor problems the the populace are going to dabble a little bit with labor trying to attract the labor vote in trying to expand as we'll see later on farmers are going to try to cooperate with labor but they just really can't see eye to eye I mean it's two completely different lifestyles but they do have some shared misery I mean low wages long workdays dangerous conditions in some cases laborers are getting fired for organizing unions but you know as well see the populace we're trying to attract to them later when the populace our political party now a precursor to now helping out the labor I'll just jump ahead in the lecture notes here real quick are the Knights of Labor so you'll have that is a labor union that is very prominent across the United States basically what it is is it's a labor union of both skilled and unskilled laborers they just have open membership trying to get better wages for workers but in the end it's going to die pretty quick death one because unskilled laborers don't have that much ground to stand on they're not that and you know they're they're they're not as in demand as skilled laborers they can't really demand betters conditions and then Plus also they're trying to have a convention the Knights of Labor up and they're having a trying to have a convention up in Chicago unfortunately there's a group of anarchists nearby and some police officers so police officers kind of rough up the the Knights of Labor a little bit and then anarchists come in and throw bombs at the heat police officers and even though the anarchists had no affiliation with the lights of labor they're just don't because that's what anarchists do the Knights of Labor we're going to get blamed for the bombing and they're their membership is going to go Bob pretty quickly so that's one one group that's in Texas they're not they're not very effective let's talk about the farmers alliance so Grange the Grange had died farmers Alliance is going to merge in 1877 it's going to be found the first one's going to be founded in Lampasas Texas it's just north of Austin and so this one's gonna be a little bit more political in nature whereas you know the Grange is looking more for monetary gains for farmers the farmers alliances is looking for more political gains and so they're they're trying they're you know whether big goals is their anti-monopoly that's one of the their motives are they're trying to regulate railroad rates trying to reduce the amount of money that that that railroad companies can't control and and so basically in some ways they're trying to do a little bit of coop is well on the side they in their mud main goal is they want more money in circulation so but the the farmers Alliance is going to kind of get siphon members are gonna start getting siphoned off with other political movements like the greenback party because that's one of the main that's the main goal the greenback party so it's tough for farmers really unite underneath one banner at least at this point so by then by the mid-1880s the democrats began to listen to some of the problems of the farmers particularly in Texas because Texas is an agrarian state and so one of the leading people that's going to be listening to the farmers is Amanda by name of James Hogg he's a pretty interesting character but before we even go just so I don't interrupt the flow the lecture he was pretty mean to his daughter I don't know if he did it intentionally but he named his daughter i'ma so let's pause here for a second say her name first name and last name out loud I'm a hog that's just awful to do that to a young girl to defend his defense that was a it was a the favorite name of of a fictional care of his favorite fictional character in a book was I'm on so he named his daughter after that I guess he didn't really think that one all the way through but James Hogg is going to be the first Democratic governor in Texas after the Civil War that did not serve in the Confederacy he's gonna be the first one to canta take action so let's look at his political rise in Texas in 18 his political rise starts in 1887 when he was elected Attorney General of Texas the normally Attorney General in Texas is a springboard to the governorship because you know you're out there looking at the yeah yeah you're looking at the best interest of the people in in your state and so it's a very also a very high-profile job and so some of the stuff he starts doing is he starts filing lawsuits against insurance companies particularly after a wildcat insurance company so a wildcat insurance company is an insurance company that is founded outside of the state and headquartered outside the state so essentially they don't have as much skin in the game whenever there and you know an insurance claim comes in and so they tend not to pay off their claims that they're supposed to and so what Hogg says he says all right those that the insurance companies that are operating in Texas have to pay taxes in Texas and they have to keep a portion of their funds in a state because it's how insurance companies work you pay into them every month they're pulling in all these funds from the people they're investing that money in stock market and other things that trying to grow that fund and then hopefully to pay off claims with the earnings that that they make and so it's a continual growth cycle for for insurance companies and so if you keep if you force them to keep more of their money funds in a state that's helping circulate the economy instead of drawing money out of the state because when you're paying the insurance it's you know like they're headquartered I will just say New Orleans all that money is going to - NOLA in not staying in Texas so they want to make sure that money is circulating in Texas a very important case one of his cases it goes all the way to the Supreme Court is the peak case p i EK you'll see that in electra outlines in it he's able to win where states can if the federal government does not say states can regulate interstate I mean it's our interstate transactions or interesting interstate intrastate trade then the states can control it so federal government doesn't say they control the trade within a state than the states regulate it and that's what hog is gonna do he's gonna make it difficult for railroad companies to organize in Texas remember he's for the farmers and so the the enemy of the farmer is his railroad company and so basically he says all right if you're going to be building railroads in Texas you need establish offices within the state that keeps more money in the state not only that but companies are responsible and to know a number of regulations within the state in order to to to build railroads in here and so basically he's reducing the control of these out-of-state railroad companies and making them invest more in the state of Texas now one of those first obstacles to this is a Texas traffic Association it's a pull which is a forerunner of a trust so think of a pool as where you have several different companies that are working together they're cooperating together to eliminate competition and so in this instance the two largest railroad companies and operators in the United States underneath James Gould him and his Texas Pacific I mentioned him in the last lecture with Jefferson Texas and RJ Huntington a Southern Pacific their work they reach an agreement where they're working with one another where they're dropping their prices now remember they got business in other states so they can make up that loss in profit within those other areas and so they're doing that so they can run off the competition by up those companies and and absorb them and so and so once you know so once the competition is gone then they can truly jack up the prices and further get to compensate themselves for their losses and so and so this becomes a major major issue combine that with the Interstate Commerce Act that's going on the piece case is going to get thrown out so no so States no longer can really can ricchan control regulate railroads in the state so these are two big problems you got a pool and you got the peak case getting thrown out so states lose control over the railroads in in their state and so what hogs reaction is is pretty pretty brilliant and it creates the most powerful into political entity in the state of Texas this is more powerful than the governor of Texas and that is the Railroad Commission and so he supports the creation of this Railroad Commission in Texas so think of it as a group of men that's in there to to officially regulate railroads and so basically presents it to the voters the voters are obviously going to agree with it now the reason why it's today it's the most powerful entity in Texas is because the Railroad Commission also controls the oil fields and so you know in Texas that's where all the money is that so so that's why the railroad in so but before I go any further before I confuse anybody we're not talking about all yet oil is in a future lecture so we will get to oil later I promise promise promise promise and so and so with the combination of these which he's going to really be bolstering anti-trust legislation so basically he wants to outlaw any organization I can fix prices or restrict trades so we're all businesses not just the railroad companies and so this Texas is really kind of leading the way of this antitrust movement and so in 1889 hog is responsible for the passage of the Texas antitrust law which leveled penalties against and and against restricted in and helped restrict trade fixed prices and limited production of the stress so he's basically going in and bust up these trusts now why is it important this comes this is enacted a year before the big federal antitrust laws passed which is the Sherman Antitrust Act and so Texas is truly leading the way as you'll see I mean most people think of us as a backwoods you know backwoods state but in reality we were pioneers in many aspects of the government and so let's get to the 1890 election and so and so in the gubernatorial election 1890 Hogg is going to win hand hand down hands down by this time the railroad commission has been approved by the voters in that same election so in 1891 legislature sets up the Railroad Commission with went through as a three-man commission or three-person Commission he appoints three Democrats to that position to fix rates and fares for railroad companies of course Road companies aren't going to be too happy they're going to file suit the following year to prevent the Commission from enforcing these rate regulations and the court upheld the Commission with the Commission's actions and so it's firmly locked in you're also going to get some some other some unique laws that come out of Hogg some these are gonna be known as Hogg laws I know we could joke all day with his name it's you don't get me start with Boss Hogg which if he ever watched I mentioned Dukes of Hazzard in the last lecture you know the the main name you know the the antagonist and Dukes of Hazzard is Boss Hogg which is funny because his name his real name is Jefferson Davis Hogg and he has a brother that wears a black suit named Abraham Lincoln Hogg but you always find that hilarious that they brought in the Civil War because Jefferson Davis was president of the Confederacy and if you don't know who Abraham Lincoln is you got problems so I don't have to explain him so all right let's look at some of the Hall gloves I think I'm which I was in class that beat the the rally cry for the class hall and I say that and maybe get everybody to go let's see who listens I need to write this down because I'm gonna start yelling this and our meetings and see who pays attention so remember this is we're gonna do yell out Hogg halls in nearby goes to hey I gotta retain myself and keep you all entertained at the same time so alright one is prison reform and so he's gonna he's a member we talked about some of the conditions with the prisoners he's going to construct additional to kind of ease the burden he's also going to established a pardon board so this is of course obviously going to be going to have a little bit of corruption to it in the end but it's a way to help fund the the expansion of the of the jails these new facilities he establishes a six-month school term to help out farm families it's kind of the precursor to our current schedule our current school schedule is still based on an agricultural schedule because if you look at the times that we're you know that we have classes there kind of you know you got to get the time where you put the crops in and early fall then you have class and then class ends you have the harvest season then I mean it's changed a little bit it always fluctuates it still floors me just how much it changes because when I was in school we were like the first week of August we were in class but then again we were out you know early May nowadays it's late August as when it starts and it ends in late May just depends on the cycles of the moon I guess now it really depends on when the month ends and begins and so he's also gonna you know one that's gonna be seen teamed as progressive is he's gonna be champion segregation at railroad facilities now the reason why that seemed as progressive is because it's looked upon as a way to alleviate racial conflicts and then of course he also puts limitations on the amount of land corporations and aliens could own now when I say aliens I'm not talking about little green men little gray guys with big heads and big eyes talking about people they don't live in Texas to kind of cut down again on land speculation and so he's kind of seen as the first pro farmer governor in in Texas history but let's get to the namesake of this lecture which is the populist so you can see where he hog is important because he's looked upon it as a bridge to get to the populist party he's he's taking the first steps helping out the farmers and so let's look at the populist party they're also known as as the people's party so basically what the People's Party is is there is a it's all those farmers alliances are you know are think about farmers alliances as alliances scattered throughout the country and so they're gonna start kind of coagulating together because they're disenchanted I mean they're they're kind of happy with what hog is doing you know but he's not going far enough for these people they're saying Democratic Party's throwing us some bones but it's not enough and so so basically the Democrats are like hey we you know we gave you concessions we don't need to go any further because at this time politics is shifting because you have more urbanization both parties are going to be campaigning more in cities because you can reach a larger audience get more votes in cities and you can out in the country with the farmers not only that but guess who has the money to help finance campaigns done to the railroad companies right so what are politicians going to do they're going to go to the highest bidder not all but you get the idea and so you know even though they you know they'll throw them another bone that's a treasury plan where the government issued direct loans to farmers so it's you know no interest no foreclosure they don't pay it back but it's not enough and the farmers problems getting even worse I mean they're not producing so much that the price of cotton is down to five cents a pound you know kind of provide perspective in 1865 it was 31 cents a pound by 1898 it's 10 to 5 cents a pound just know no relief in sight and so what happens is these farmers Alliance are going to start congealing together and they're going to form a a political party the People's Party or is what they're they're commonly eating at one of the references to them but there are known as the populist party or populism and so this all starts because you already have kind of a people a populist party that's already intact but they don't have that many members but in in Dallas in 1891 you're going to have the farmers Ally and the populists or are having conventions at the same time now why in Dallas because that's where the cotton exchange is located so both have interest when it comes to farming and so basically both groups kind of run into one another like hey let's join forces and you're like well why not let's do it and so the populist party is truly going to be born at that point and so they're going to be you know once once they started gathering farmers alliances gathering more farmers alliances from around the nation they're really going to sit down and start establishing their platform which we will go in detail later but it's going to include stuff like government regulation of Industry government ownership of railroads establishment of a subtreasury plan free coinage of silver so thinking about the green backers are trying to create artificial inflation as well and so what starts count oh it starts happening in Texas is it's starting to be a competition now let me provide some background the populist party will be the largest third party in American history by far and this is what we're going to be looking at is is just how popular they really were across the country now the day come as close to truly defeating the Democrats no but they gave him what they give him they give him a scare and so basically the Democratic Party was was Bernie I'm obviously dominated Texas and it's trying to start to attract ethnic vote so for example Democratic Party was trying to attract more Hispanic votes in South Texas and while the same time trying to disenfranchise black votes so trying to governor more you know trying to trying to get more trying to when I say disenfranchise keep african-americans from going to the polls so because african-americans are going to be voting straight Republican so let's look at the gubernatorial election of 1892 Hogg is he's kind of seen as a progressive Democrat he's gonna win hands-down coming in third second is a more conservative Democrat George Clark don't worry about him coming in third is Thomas Nugent and this is the point where always make a joke he is the great great grandfather of uncle Ted on a Ted Nugent but and I have no idea I really probably should spend a few days researching that to see if that's absolutely true or not but hog wins but the populist party is going to start and so Nugent is the populist candidate he comes in third loses the election but the populist are going to gain a lot of seats at the local level so at the county level they're getting people elected into office in the national election so I remember I had said that the populist are getting more farmers alliances they become a National Party James Weaver becomes the first populist presidential candidate he gets eight percent of the national vote twenty four percent of the vote in Texas that's not bad for a third party at all and so the populist look at this and they say you know what we need to organize a little bit more extend our appeal and so they call a national convention in 1892 up in Omaha Nebraska and so they they clearly defined there their platform and so it's known as the Omaha platform so think about a platform is something you stand on these are the issues we care about and so we're going to be looking at are the individual planks get the visual that there are standing on the individual planks of that platform are gonna be the specific issues that they won now keep this in mind a lot of these are gonna sound extremely familiar but the populist aren't going to get them passed what's important is they introduce these ideas and later politicians are going to see them through fruition and so let's look at their key components one direct democracy this one always kind of boils students noodles on this so back then you didn't elect your senators senator elect senatorial election become extremely popular in the past few election cycles here in Texas but they're calling for the election direct election of senators at this time it was a state legend nature that was electing senators for the state so you elect your people at the legislature there in Austin and then they would decide who are going to be the two senators they sent up to to DC and so this doesn't get passed with them but it will later on in 1913 with the third with the 17th amendment remember we're in the 1890s at this point they're also want to push for the Australian ballot but in another shrimp on the ballot right what in the world is an Australian ballot it's a secret ballot it's a secret vote think about this this is up to this point people could know who you voted for because when you normally went in to vote you would say I'm voting Democrat I'm voting Republican and you do a straight line vote those carton they would hand you a Republican card or a Democrat card and they would be two different colors so everybody knew who you were voting for and so in order to keep outside influence you know outside influences from your from your vote people from influencing your vote sorry because you could just simply have you know Guido's sitting there you know you reach for one he's like mm-hmm you reach for the one they want uh-huh so your boss can kind of essentially control who you vote for nobody knows now it's a completely secret ballot so that's gonna be introduced it'll be implemented later on oh you're also gonna have referendum on specific laws basically this is why we have some unique laws in Texas such as the blue laws you ever wondered I know if you're from out if you grew up outside of Texas and you come here you're like why can't I buy all the liquor stores closed on Sunday why can't I buy beer and wine until noon those are the blue laws these are the laws at the state that the people in Texas wanted to push through you know it took a long time to finally have a lottery in Texas most y'all are way too young to remember when the lottery was finally established in Texas because he had blue laws that outlawed them that kept him out of the state of Texas because we didn't want any gambling remember in the 90s when they started the the lottery I mean that was a big big deal it's just kind of give you some some ideas of referendum so people so this remember our state meets every other year so if you get enough signatures you can put this put this on the ballot and people voted in so direct democracy in that instance and then of course recall they want to give people the ability to recall the you know somebody an elected official from offices they're not doing their job correctly you know this is how we got Arnold Schwarzenegger as governor of California this idea will be later on picked up because Gray Davis was not doing a very good job in California they recalled them and they had a special election which is hands down with the nuttiest elections of all time I mean he had Gary Coleman from dirt you know he was a he was a Chan actor from on Diff'rent Strokes he ran for it you know other people I mean like porn stars running for offices for a governorship and we got Arnold's was a Nega as president of California I always had a throw it in because you ever notice every movie he has a moment where he's like oh yeah and one of the funny things is he I just learned this fact I'll just throw this in just for fun even though he spoke German they dubbed his voice in the German edition of The Terminator because he has in Germany he has his accent is kind of a hick ish accent and so I didn't want the EBI as if later the Cable Guy was the voice of terminated Abdi hilarious okay I'll be back wouldn't kind of had the same mmm gravitas as it did in but of course we didn't recognize ents foreign to us so we just kind of interpreted and in the wrong way all right labor law so another second key component labor laws they're trying to attract the labor vote trying to get a trying to get more political patronage and so they're gonna have labor laws that say you know try to restrict working day to eight hours a day also implement immigration restrictions because that's what laborers want they don't want to compete with these people that will work for less and so this is a way to they're trying to court more urban voters to try to get and trying to build their political base third one this one's pretty simple they want to abandon the gold standard and adopt free silver now is there a lot more silver out there yes it's more abundant it's not worth as much and also there's some sort of some silver strikes in Arizona and Colorado so the market is flooded the silver market is flooded with a whole bunch of new silver so if you can introduce silver it would artificially inflate the value of money which helps farmers we've talked about that in a previous lecture it what I'll do is also R it will raise the price of the crops it will lower the value of their debt that they owe and so it's a man and also they can trade better with China and Mexico since they're on the silver standard so it's kind of seen as a win-win for for the farmers also number four graduated income tax I know you know every year we have to pay in taxes before if the taxes you paid was predominately by farmers because it was property taxes so again you can see where their profits are getting cut into you had to pay tax on your property and to excise taxes it's a tax on agricultural goods that are used as I call them sin taxes of tobacco and alcohol which are what farmers were the main producers of of those goods and so they've been paying the both the the bulk of the taxes the income tax is you know a tax that's gonna be based on your income it's not they're not going to see it during a time but it'll be introduced in 1913 with a sixteenth amendment and so basically what they were saying was there calling for a 2% income tax how great would that be if it was only 2% oh my gosh that'd be amazing all right also number 5 they want state-sponsored secondary education because guess who gets last call on education it's the farmers so they're wanting more opportunities for their children to get an education number 7 federally I'm sorry number 6 a lower tariff tariffs are created to help businesses to help industry because what it does it drives up the price of foreign goods so I'll go over this again real quick so tariff is a tax on foreign manufactured goods so they come in to sell it and it's a tax now of course no company is going to pay the tax they're going to pass that tax on to the consumer and so it basically raises the price of these goods and so it forces people to buy stuff made in the United States which would essentially be a little bit more you start off with more expensive than the European made good but now that your pay made good is it's there and you have to pay well it happens is for the farmers especially because you remember the main the first main industry is going to be textiles and cotton is driving it so if foreign companies are not selling as much because of the tariff they're not they're not going to produce as much and they're not going to produce as much they don't need as much cotton and that's going to draw the prices down so you can see why farmers absolutely hate tariffs alright number seven federal warehouses so this is warehouses where they can store their crops and wait for the market for an opportunity for the market to open and so one of the things that kind of helps sponsor this is the CWM a Coon's federal subtreasury plan so CW knows there is initials McCune macu in E sub Treasury federal subtreasury plan basically makes rent builds warehouses this is one where they do see some some some it and basically they build these warehouses and provide very cheap rent to store the crop so they can wait to the price the market in Crete gets better and then they can take their crops into market all right number eight cheap credit they can get a loan of up to eighty percent of a crops worth so they can get the material they need to plant the crop for the next year number nine government regulation of banks and financial institutions this should okay I forget it's mirrored on here this is where things get a little a little dicey because they're saying that the federal government should absolutely control these banks they're not going to own them but they're going to control them hmm what does that sound like let's put a pin in that because we want to come right back to it number ten effective antitrust legislation so we've already beat that dead horse or that horse to death no need to beat it any further because hog had already into institution that they want to they want to give more teeth to the antitrust laws especially the federal antitrust laws and then 11 this is where the proverbial poo hits the fan they want government ownership of railroads and telegraph lines they want the government to own it think about that what does in so let's pause you real quick what does this sound like sounds like socialism and that's essentially is what they're they're wanting this is this is socialism light this is a true the first group that really is pushing hard for socialism in the United States and so the populist party is a social is essentially a socialist party in the 19th century so everybody's talking about more current politics as this is revolutionary oh my gosh no no it's not it's nothing new it's happened before and so let's look and see what happens with all these these planks of the Omaha platform or what event will mera phrase that what happens to the populist party so state Democrats begin to move toward them the Democratic Party is seeing this populist party getting more more more support so just like in modern day politics people look and they say hey those ideas are getting popular I'm going to I'm going to jump on that bandwagon I'm going to start doing what they're doing so I can get more support I can steal awesome that support and so the first the first governor to take the take this step is going to be Charles Culberson he's gonna he's going to push for a free silver coinage but it's gonna be bimetallism so it's nothing that is really big it's tight it's going to create a little bit of inflation but nothing too much by 1894 the populist party is going to have 22 representatives in the Statehouse two in the state Senate and it's gaining popularity because agricultural prices are dropping and you have an economic crisis panic of 1893 so again I mean whatever you have economic crises that's a time you need to have your head on a swivel and see all right what people are coming out of the Woodworks with what crazy idea because this leads to extremism in many cases I mean this is how we got Hitler in charge of Germany Germany's in a major depression and he says hey guys I got a solution let's kill a whole bunch of people you're like oh that sounds great so keep your head on a swivel yeah are you gonna have a whole bunch of people start promising stuff and people are gonna listen to them if it was economically prosperous people aren't gonna listen but now there's an economic panic people do people will listen and so populism though it's on this this rise it's going to take a very fast decline the main reason is the Democrats they're stealing the Thunder Democrat by by 1897 a party is starting to fade and and the main reason is you have because of a presidential election that's the main thing so let me back up Democratic Party there stealing their ideas they're taking a lot of their ideas and trying to implement them themselves trying to attract all these voters of the populist party to themselves and nobody did it better than William Jennings Bryant who was Democratic Party's nominee for president in 1896 and so he's really adopting a lot so if you can see this is an image it's the political cartoon for his cross a gold speech in which he's saying if we stay on the gold standard mainly our money is based on the amount of gold we have we're going to be crucified he's literally using biblical imagery in us and so he's saying we need to adopt free silver in order to to help out the common man which is exactly right up the alley of the populace so much so it's a populist when it comes time for their presidential nominee they appoint him as a William Jennings Bryan becomes known as a pop you craft because he is the nominee for both the Democratic Party and the populist party and so combine that with an upswing in the economy farmers situation is getting better so you're going to stop listening to these radical ideas the populist of socialism so you know things are looking good we don't want we don't want these changes anymore because things are good and you know that's gonna distract people but probably the biggest distraction is the spanish-american war so essentially with William Jennings Bryan being a candidate Democratic Party stealing their ideas populist party and also the spanish-american war published party is gone it just dissolves and is absorbed by the Democratic Party but this creates a unique situation because guess what in Texas a lot you know a lot of the Republicans were joining up with the populist party particularly African Americans Republicans we're joining up with the populist party because they're farmers so what's the situation they have then we're Republican but that populist party and their idea is been co-opted by get the joke co-opted by the Democrats it leaves african-american voters high and dry in the state of Texas so as a result you're going to have you know it's going to influence Democrats that go towards coinage of silver and implementing later farm programs it's also going to have a direct influence on progressivism of the 20th century progressivism don't think of you know the progressive movement today it's completely different than progressivism in the early 20th century but it's going to lead to all these changes that the Democratic Party is going to implement because they basically plagiarize the idea of the populist and so with that the Democratic Party is going to get more firm control over the state afterwards because they've essentially eliminated all the third parties by adopting their ideology at least on the national platform and so with that that's it for populism as always feel free to contact me if you have any questions I hope everybody's doing well take care bye