Organic Chemistry

Introduction

• Today's session covers Organic Chemistry for MHT CET.
• Covers main topics from 11th and 12th grade.

Important Topics

Basic Principle of Organic Chemistry

• Organic compounds consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
• Classified into aliphatic and cyclic.

Aliphatic

• Straight chain (e.g., Alkanes)

Cyclic

• Closed chain (e.g., Aromatic)
• Homocyclic and heterocyclic classification in closed chain.

Hybridization

• sp3: Single bond
• sp2: Double bond
• sp: Triple bond

Resonance

• Movement of electrons is done to understand stability.
• Introduction to plus R and minus R effects.

Inductive Effect

• Flow of electrons towards the substituted group.

Homolytic and Heterolytic

• Sharing process of electrons.

Isomerism

• Chain, position, functional group isomerism

Chapter 2 - Hydrocarbons

Alkanes

• Formation of alkanes: From unsaturated compounds

Chemical Reactions

• Combustion
• Pyrolysis

Alkenes

• Hydrogenation, alcoholic KOH

Alkynes

• From calcium carbide

Halogen

Classification

• Allyl, benzyl (sp3)
• Vinyl, aryl (sp2)
• Halo alkane (sp)

MOP

• Alcohol, PCl3, SOCl2

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Alcohols

• Points: Carbinol, crotonyl alcohol
• MOP: Alcoholic KOH, reduction of aldehydes

Phenols

• Dow's process, from cumene
• Chemical reaction: Reimer Tiemann, Kolbe's

Ethers

• From two alcohols
• Williamson synthesis

Aldehydes and Ketones

MOP

• Oxidation of alcohols
• Stephens, Rosenmund

Chemical Reaction

• Wolff-Kishner, Clemmensen
• Aldol condensation

Amines

• Primary, secondary, tertiary amines IUPAC nomenclature
• MOP: Ammonolysis, Mendius
• Hinsberg, carbylamine tests

Question Session

• Included in every type of question-answer session.

Conclusion

• Covered main topics in Organic Chemistry for MHT CET.
• Utilize these notes and sessions for good marks.