[Music] now that we can select our objects let's start transforming them unfortunately I don't mean that in the autobot sense of the word I just mean our basic manipulations in the last video we talked about the idea of the active object and how that's the one that shows up in the properties editor over on the right side of blender well in this case our cube is the active object and we can see in the transform panel that we have its location rotation and scale properties to change any of these we can just left click in any input field and for the location X I'll just type in two and then hit enter now it's moved two along the x-axis when you hover your mouse over any of these input values it'll change into two arrows pointing in either direction that indicates that you can also just left click and hold and drag left and right in order to slide those values around that way we can easily change the location along the x axis the Y AIS or the z-axis now let's take a second to talk about how these input Fields work because they're actually pretty clever they have a whole bunch of shortcuts built in to make working with them really fast first you can do any sort of math inside of them that you want so if we want to do for the X Direction 2 + 5 we can do that just fine but they also work with units blender uses meters by default but we could type in anything that we want as long as we use the right notation so we could type in five cm for centimeters or we could type in five ft for feet it'll do all that conversion for us and convert it back into meters if you really want to change your units then you can do so in the scene properties right now we're in the object properties which is the square with the corners around it but if we go to the cone ball and Dot icon which is just a couple icons up from that one then we have this panel called units and we can change it from metric to Imperial or change any of these other settings for now though let's go back to the object properties which is again the orange one with the square with the Four Corners a couple other handy things about these inputs is that you can left click and drag down for any of these that are grouped together to change them all at the same time so if I wanted to set these all to two then I can just left click on the first one drag down let go of my mouse type in two hit enter and now these are all set to two I can also reset these all back to their defaults simply by hovering over and hitting backspace that's probably one of the most handy shortcuts in allive blender all right but enough nerding out about inputs let's also look at rotation we can rotate a along the xaxis the Y AIS or the z-axis now I'll go ahead and hit backspace to clear that out before we look at scale we can scale it along the x-axis the y- AIS or the z-axis above that we have a rotation mode but that's a much more complicated topic for another day for now just know that location rotation and scale are properties of the object but of course changing them in the properties editor is a little bit cumbersome and slow especially if we're just inputting numbers that's not very fun so instead let's do it interactively we can switch our tool in the toolbar from the box select tool to the move tool with this we can just left click and drag on any of these arrows to move it along that axis so I can move it along the y- AIS the xaxis and the z-axis I can also left click and drag in this circle to move it according to the screen these little squares are also pretty handy too the blue one's going to move it along everything except the z-axis so that's the Z plane the red one will move it along everything except the x axis which is the X plane and the green one's going to move it along the Y plane in addition to the move tool we also have the rotate tool which as you'd expect allows us to rotate along the X Y and the Z and according to the view one handy shortcut with this is that sometimes you want to rotate things in even increments and to do that you can just hold down control while you're rotating I'll get these tick marks and I can move it more precisely another way to move something more precisely is to hold down shift while it's being transformed so if I go and rotate this and hold down shift then it'll really slow down my movements and I can get really precise this actually also works with the number inputs so if I'm moving this and I find it's just moving it too fast I can hold down shift and again just move this really slowly this is another thing that I just wish was in all other programs beneath the rotate tool then we have the scale tool we can scale along the Z and this is behaving a little bit weird so let's go ahead and reset our rotation just by hovering over our rotation values in the properties editor and hitting backspace there we go now as I scale this it'll scale it straight up and down along the z-axis I can scale it along the Y and scale it along the X now the reason it was behaving weird is that rotation happens before scaling in the order of operations but but getting into all that is way too big of a rabbit hole for now so let's just reset our rotation if you're really observant you might have noticed that the scale tool has a little triangle icon in the bottom right just like the select tool does and we can also left click and hold to switch to a different type of scale tool if we do that then we can go over to the scale cage which gives us all these little dots around the box and we can manipulate this a little bit more as if we were transforming an image in Photoshop but just in three dimensions go ahead and try clicking and dragging on the dots in the center of a face along the corners or along an edge for now though I'll go ahead and left click and hold and set this back to the scale tool beneath that we have the allinone tool where we can move rotate and scale all in the same Gizmo now as you're watching some video tutorials you might see that somebody has the Box select tool enabled but they still have gizmos if that's the case then they must have enabled it in the gizmos dropdown which is the bone arrow looking icon in in the top right of the header underneath that we can turn on our move rotate or scale gizmos and this allows them to be used in any tool I often like to leave the move Gizmo on just so that I can use it while also using the Box select tool but at the moment let's just leave everything at their defaults I'll go ahead and turn that off and now let's try to reset this Cube back to its default State the way to undo something like in most other programs is to just hit contrl Z you can see as I do that it'll step backwards but I can only undo so many times and wow that actually got me all the way back to the default Cube if I wanted to redo something I can just hit shift control Z that'll do redo so again contrl Z to undo shift control Z to redo now let's say the box is stuck here and I don't have any more undo steps to work with well of course I can just go over to the transforms hover my mouse over and hit backspace in order to reset all of these but there's another way to do it as well I can also clear the Transformations because sometimes we just don't want to go go digging through the menus to do that we can go to object clear and clear location rotation and scale let's do location again object clear and rotation and then object clear and scale now the hot keys for this are over on the right you can see it's alt G alt R and ALT s using the gizmos to transform our object was definitely a lot faster than using the properties editor however there's an even faster way and that's with keyboard shortcuts if you ever forget then you can go to object and transform and you can see them on the right next to move rotate and scale it's g r and s so G for grab R for rotate and S to scale let's go ahead and hit G with the cube selected that'll jump us right into grab mode and we can move our Mouse around and change the location of our Cube then left click to confirm this works a little bit different than other programs which might switch us to the move tool and then we have to to click again in order to drag it along or what have you blender actually just jumps you straight into the action and it takes a little bit to get used to at first if you're coming from a different program but it's a lot faster of a way to work so I think you'll get used to it pretty quickly again let's hit G to grab move our Mouse and then left click or hit enter to confirm we can do that same thing with rotate R to rotate move your mouse if you get really close to the center of rotation then you can rotate it quite a lot and if you move your mouse really far away from the center of rotation you can move it more precisely but either way once you're happy with it you can left click to confirm and then let's try s for scale just say s that'll pop you into scale mode can scale it down and then left click or enter to confirm there's a lot of hot keys that you can use for transformation but the most important ones are easy to remember to constrain something along an axis simply hit the letter of that axis on your keyboard as you're in the move mode so here I've already hit G so I'm moving my Cube around and then I can hit X to constrain it to the x- axis if I want to switch that up and actually move it along the y- AIS then I can hit Y or if I want to move it along the z- axis I can hit Z I can do this in any Order X Y and Z and then whenever you're happy just left click or hit enter to confirm this also works with rotation hit R that'll automatically go into rotate mode hit X to rotate around the x-axis y to rotate around the Y AIS and Z to rotate around the z-axis and then left click to confirm lastly let's do that with scale but before we do that let's clear our rotation again so let's hover over the rotation XYZ and the properties editor and hit backspace all right now that everything's right side up we can hit s to scale that'll jump us right into the scale action then we can hit X to scale along the x axis y to scale along the Y and of course Force Z to scale along the Z if your cursor reaches the end of the screen then it'll just wrap around like Pac-Man and as always left click to confirm all right the last helpful thing about using these hotkeys to move rotate and scale is that you can also input numbers so let's say that I wanted to move this two units along the x- axis well just like I could put in a two over here in the transform if I wanted to like add two I could just do plus two do like a math operation uh if I wanted to do that over in the 3D view without going to the properties editor I just hit G to move X to constrain that along the x axis and then type in two and hit enter that'll just move it two units in the X Direction let's try that again with the z-axis so let's hit g z to move it along the z-axis and then I'll type in one to move it one unit up and then hit enter as I'm sure you've guessed we can also do this with rotation and scale I'll hit R to rotate X to constrain it to the x axis type in 10 to rotate at 10° and then hit enter lastly s to scale and this time I'll change it along all axes at once so instead of hitting an axis I'll just type in two to double it in size if I wanted to cut that size in half then I could hit S Type in 0.5 and then enter to confirm now I'd like to get this back to its original state let's just go to object clear so I'll just clear the location there and it'll go back to the center of the world if I want to focus on it remember I can go to view and then frame selected and then let's clear the rotation and scale but for this one I'll use the hotkey rotate is the r hotkey so to clear it I'll hit alt R and then to clear the scale I'll hit alt s we've already talked about how to use control Z to undo and shift control Z to redo but we also have something called the redo panel or the adjust last operation panel that pops up whenever we do an action so let's say I go ahead and hit G and then move my Cube somewhere else we'll have this this little panel pop up in the bottom left that's currently collapsed that just says move if I expand that then we can see all the properties for that action I can go ahead and adjust this here and this panel allows us to finetune any action that we just took so if I want to set this to exact numbers let's just say I was eyeballing it but I want to set this to exactly. 3 and two and 0.5 then I can do that pretty easily here in the redo panel if you don't see that after you complete an action then you can go to view and just make sure that adjusts last oper ation is turned on you can also get that anywhere in the 3D view by hitting F9 all right I know we only talked about our basic transformations in this lesson but I threw a ton of information at you again you don't have to memorize it all right away but I do want you to practice moving rotating and scaling things try doing it with the gizmos in the toolbar try doing it in the properties editor and try doing it with the gr R ands hotkeys try to move something along an axis and try to move something in specific increments and don't forget control Z to undo because we all need that [Music] sometimes