[Music] what's up everybody this is Tech G back with another video to help you successfully pass the CompTIA Tech Plus certification exam so let's get into it in this video we're going to take an in-depth look at small wireless networks we'll cover the most common Wireless networking standards such as 802.11n 802.11ac and 802.11 ax and explore factors like speed interference attenuation and band options we'll also compare older and newer standards and explain how different frequency bands such as 2.4 GHz 5 GHz and 6 GHz impact Network performance all right first let's talk about Wireless networking standards so the itle e 802.11 standards are the set of protocols that Define Wireless networking each standard specifies how wireless devices communicate over a network and sets parameters like speed frequency and range now over the years these standards have evolved to meet increasing demands for faster speeds and better performance and the most commonly used standards today are the 802.11n which is also known as Wi-Fi 4 you got 802.11c which is known as WiFi 5 and 802.11ax which is known as WiFi 6 so let's explore each of these standards in more detail the 802.11n standard or Wi-Fi 54 this was released in 2009 and is still widely used in many home and small business networks it improved on earlier standards by offering dual band support meaning it operates on both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands allowing users to select a frequency based on their needs it also has speeds up to 600 megabits per second so 802.11n introduced the ability to reach theoretical speeds of up to 600 megabits per second significantly faster than his processors and it also supports what's called myo or multiple input multiple output this technology uses multiple antennas for both transmitting and receiving which improves the speed and range however while 802.11 in provides a decent level of performance has been surpassed by more recent standards that deliver faster speeds and better handling of network congestion next is the 802.11ac or yi5 and this was introduced in 2014 and this standard further improved Wireless speeds and performance so 802.11 AC can achieve speeds up to 3.5 gigabits per second under optimal conditions making it over five times faster than 802.11n and it also has support for the 5 gigahertz frequency band it primarily operates in the 5 gigahertz band Which is less crowded than the 2.4 GHz band reducing interference and enabling faster data transfer and then it also supports multiuser myo so while 802.11n introduced multiple input multiple output 802.11 AC improved upon it with multi-user multiple input multiple output allowing multiple devices to receive data simultaneously this is great for environments with many connected devices like households or small offices so 802.11 AC provided significant speed and performance improvements over 802.11n but as more devices began connecting to wireless networks a new standard was needed to handle the increased demand the latest standard 802.11ax which is also known as WiFi 6 this was released in 2019 it focuses on improving not just speed but also efficiency and capacity so Wi-Fi 6 supports speeds up to 9.6 gigabits per second which is a massive leap from 80211 AC it also supports efficient Multi-Device management so with ofdma or orthogonal frequency division multiple Access Wi-Fi 6 can divide a wireless channel into smaller frequency allocations allowing multiple devices to be served simultaneously without congestion it supports twt or Target wake time and this feature optimizes device power usage allowing connected devices to wake up and transmit data only when needed which is particularly useful for iot devices and it also operates on the 2.4 GHz 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands so unlike 802.11 AC Wi-Fi 6 operates on both the 2.4 and 5 gz bands offering backwards compatibility and flexibility for different network environments and Wi-Fi 6E this also expands to the 6 GHz band offering even more bandwidth and reduced interference now Wi-Fi 6 is designed to meet the increasing demands of modern devices providing better performance and crowded networks and delivering faster more reliable connections When comparing these standards speed is a crucial Factor so 802.11n this support speeds up to 600 megabits per second which is sufficient for most basic internet activities like web browsing video streaming and email 802.11 AC this can reach speeds up to 3.5 gigabits per second making it ideal for high definition video streaming online gaming and multiple device connections 802.11 ax also known as Wi-Fi 6 this reaches up to 9.6 gbits per second and can handle high density environments with many connected devices ensuring stable and highspeed connections now keep in mind these are theoretical maximum speeds actual speeds may vary due to factors like interference distance and network congestion now let's talk about interference and attenuation so interference occurs when other devices operate on the same frequency band causing the wireless signal to degrade so for example microwaves baby monitors and Bluetooth devices they all operate on the 2.4 GHz band and they can interfere with Wi-Fi signals attenuation this refers to the weakening of a signal as it travels through the air or through objects like walls and Furniture higher frequency bands like 5 GHz and 6 GHz they have a shorter range and are susceptible to attenuation than the 2.4 GHz so this is why it's important to choose the right frequency band based on the environment the 2.4 GHz band has a longer range but is more prone to interference while the 5 gz band offers faster speeds with less interference but over a shorter distance and the 6 GHz band and Wi-Fi 6E this provides even faster speeds and lower latency but also has a limited range all right next let's break down the three main frequency bands used in wireless networks so the first one is the 2.4 G gz band and this has a longer range and lower speeds so it has a greater reach and can penetrate walls better but its maximum speed is slower than higher frequency bands also it is a crowded band so many household devices use this band leading to potential interference then we have the 5 gigahertz band and this has higher speeds but a shorter range so this band provides faster data transfer rates than to 2.4 GHz but with a reduced range and since fewer devices use this band there is generally less interference and then we have the 6 GHz band and this is the newest addition to Wi-Fi frequency options offering even faster speeds and lower latency and since fewer devices currently operate on this band it provides a cleaner more efficient experience so choosing the right band depends on your network needs for long range connections or environments with many obstacles the 2.4 GHz band may be preferable for faster speeds with reduced interference in smaller are is 5 GHz or 6 GHz bands are better options now let's discuss older versus newer standards so older standards like 802.11a 802.11b and 802.11g they were the predecessors of the standards we discussed earlier they offered much slower speeds with 802.11b capping at 11 megabits per second and 802.11g at 54 megabits per second and they were also limited to either the 2. 4 GHz or 5 GHz band without dual band capabilities now as technology evolve newer standards like 802.11n 802.11 AC the 802.11ax provided faster speeds better handling of multiple devices and more efficient use of the frequency spectrum when setting up a small wireless network opting for modern standards like Wi-Fi 5 or Wi-Fi 6 this ensures Optimal Performance and Future prooof the network as technology continues to advance so to recap we've covered the key standards of Wireless networking such as 802.11n 802.11ac and 802.11 ax and we explored their speed capabilities interference and attenuation factors and frequency ban options such as 2.4 GHz 5 GHz and 6 GHz understanding these fundamentals will help you design and manage a small wireless network effectively and it's Essential Knowledge for the CompTIA Tech Plus certification exam all right now with all that said let's get into this check on learning so what is the primary advantage of 802.11ax or Wi-Fi 6 compared to 802.11a or Wifi five is it higher data transfer speeds is it reduced Network interference is it a greater range or is it better Energy Efficiency for connected devices and the correct answer is it offers higher data transfer speeds so 802.11 ax a Wi-Fi 6 this offers improved data transfer speeds compared to 802.11 AC due to more efficient data transmission techniques like ofdma and multi-user multiple input multiple output while Wi-Fi 6 also provides better Energy Efficiency the primary advantage is its ability to handle more devices at faster speeds next question which of the following Wireless frequency bands is least prone to interference in a small wireless network would it be 2.4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz or 900 megahertz and the correct answer would be the 6 GHz band and this was introduced with WiFi 6E and it is less crowded and less prone to interference compared to the 2.4 or the 5 GHz bands which are commonly used and often congested the 6 GHz band is also supports higher speeds but has a shorter range due to higher frequency and our final question which of the following factors is most likely to cause signal attenuation in a small wireless network would it be the number of connected devices the distance between the router and the devices frequency ban using 2.4 versus 5 GHz or encryption methods such as WPA2 versus wpa3 and the correct answer would be the distance between the router and the devices so signal attenuation this refers to the reduction in signal strength as it travels over a distance the further a distance is from the wireless router the weaker the signal becomes additionally high frequency bands such as 5 GHz tend to attenuate faster than lower frequencies such as 2.4 GHz over the same distance