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Joseph Desch: Innovations in Computing

Mar 15, 2025

Joseph Raymond Desch

Early Life and Education

  • Born: May 23, 1907, in Dayton, Ohio, into a German descent family.
  • Attended Catholic elementary school and won a scholarship to the University of Dayton preparatory school.
  • Worked as an inspector at Day-Fan Electric during college, supervising radio testing and production.

Career Beginnings

  • 1929: Graduated and began work at General Motors Radio, where he met lifelong friend Robert E. Mumma.
  • 1933: Supervised liquidation of General Motors Radio, conducted teleprinter communications research for Telecom Laboratories.
  • 1935: Hired by Harry Williams at Frigidaire Division of General Motors.
  • 1938: Joined National Cash Register Company to form Electrical Research Laboratory under Edward A. Deeds.

Innovations and Contributions

  • Focused on using tubes and circuitry in counting devices to develop high-speed mathematical computing machines.
  • Collaborated with MIT's Electrical Engineering Department led by Vannevar Bush.

Inventions During WWII

  • 1940: Lab awarded contracts by National Defense Research Committee for vacuum tube research.
  • Developed a high-speed thyratron for the University of Chicago Manhattan Project.
  • Evaluated electronic deciphering device design from MIT, deemed unfeasible due to tube requirements.
  • 1942: Led the design of the U.S. version of the bombe decryption machine, resulting in the United States Naval Computing Machine Laboratory.

Post-War Career and Achievements

  • 1946: Filed a patent for an electronic calculator with Bob Mumma, leading to the first patent on a modern digital computer.
  • Continued work at NCR, contributing to the development of the NCR 304, the first fully solid-state computer.
  • Retired in 1972.

Awards and Honors

  • Awarded the Medal for Merit by President Harry S. Truman in 1947.
  • Inducted into the NSA/CSS Hall of Honor in 2011.
  • Received the University of Dayton Distinguished Alumnus Award in 2017.

IEEE Joe Desch Innovation Award

  • Initiated in 2008 to honor Desch's legacy, organized by his daughter Deborah Anderson since 2013.
  • Awarded to notable engineers including John Janning, Dr. Peter T. Brody, Whitfield Diffie, and others.

Notable Patents

  • Numerous patents filed and issued for electronic devices and computing machines, primarily assigned to The National Cash Register Company.
  • Patents include electronic devices, calculating machines, communication systems, and more.

Further Reading and References

  • Refer to sources like Dayton Daily News, "The Secret in Building 26," and the Dayton Codebreakers Website for additional insights and detailed historical accounts.