⚖️

Mirror Image Rule in Contract Law

Jun 9, 2025

Overview

This video explains the common-law mirror image rule in contract law, emphasizing that acceptance must exactly match the offer's terms for a valid contract to form.

The Mirror Image Rule Explained

  • The mirror image rule requires that an acceptance be on the exact same terms as the original offer.
  • If acceptance differs from the offer, it is considered a rejection and a counteroffer.

Example Scenario

  • A farmer offers to sell 1,000 red apples to a businessman with delivery by truck by noon the next day.
  • The businessman agrees to purchase but requests delivery by train instead.
  • Because delivery terms differ, the businessman's response is not an acceptance but a counteroffer.

Consequences of the Rule

  • If acceptance changes the terms, no contract is formed under the mirror image rule.
  • The original offeror (farmer) can accept or reject the counteroffer.
  • If the farmer accepts, he must deliver the apples by train per the new terms.

Additional Notes

  • The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) has different rules for contracts, which will be covered separately.
  • Viewers are encouraged to discuss the topic further via message board, blog, or email.