Lecture Notes: Understanding Seasons

Introduction

• Presenter: Serba Subservas TV
• Topic: Exploration of how seasons occur
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What are Seasons?

• Definition: Different periods of the year marked by specific weather and climate conditions.
• Types of Seasons:
  • Spring
  • Summer
  • Autumn
  • Winter
• Characteristics:
  • Varying sunlight
  • Different temperatures
  • Distinct weather patterns

Earth's Rotation and Revolution

• Rotation:
  • Earth spins around its axis
  • Takes 24 hours for a complete rotation
  • Results in day and night
• Revolution:
  • Earth moves around the sun
  • Takes 365.25 days for a full revolution

Earth's Tilt

• Axis Tilt:
  • The axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees
  • Responsible for the occurrence of seasons

How Seasons Occur

• Solar Rays Distribution:
  • Hemisphere receiving more solar rays experiences warmer temperatures
  • Hemisphere receiving fewer solar rays experiences cooler temperatures

Solstices

• Definition: When Earth's axis is tilted towards or away from the sun
• Summer Solstice:
  • Occurs June 21 or 22
  • Marks the first day of summer
• Winter Solstice:
  • Occurs December 21 or 22
  • Marks the first day of winter

Hemispherical Differences

• Northern Hemisphere in June:
  • Tilted towards the sun
  • Experiences longer daylight and summer
• Southern Hemisphere in June:
  • Tilted away from the sun
  • Experiences shorter daylight and winter

Seasonal Changes in December

• Northern Hemisphere:
  • Receives less sunlight
  • Experiences colder temperatures and winter
• Southern Hemisphere:
  • Receives more sunlight
  • Experiences warmer temperatures and summer

Equinoxes

• Definition: When Earth's axis is not tilted towards or away from the sun
• Vernal Equinox:
  • Occurs March 21 or 22
  • Marks spring in the north, autumn in the south
• Autumnal Equinox:
  • Occurs September 21 or 22
  • Marks autumn in the north, spring in the south

Seasons in the Philippines

• Location: Near the equator
• Seasons:
  • Wet season: June to November
  • Dry season: December to May
  • Subdivisions of Dry Season:
    • Cold dry season
    • Hot dry season
• Reason: Minimal variation in sunlight throughout the year

Conclusion

• Causes of Seasonal Change:
  • Tilt of Earth's axis
  • Revolution around the sun
  • Sun's direct rays
  • Length of daytime

Next Steps

• Stay tuned for the next science lesson from Serba Subservas TV.