Low Flow Oxygen Devices: Nasal Cannula

Overview

• Nasal Cannula: Standard low flow oxygen device.
• Oxygen Delivery: Can deliver 1 to 6 liters of oxygen.
• Fraction of Inspired Oxygen (FiO2): Important to understand the amount of oxygen being inspired.

Application

• Connection: Use a flow meter and connect using a Christmas tree fitting.
  • Turn the flow meter knob counterclockwise to start the flow (e.g., set at 3 liters).

Placement on Patient

• Curvature of Prongs:

  • The prongs should curve to follow the path of the nasal cavity (backwards and around).
  • Incorrect placement (prongs facing up) will not deliver oxygen effectively to the lungs, only to the nasal epithelial cells.

• Steps to Apply:

  1. Insert the prongs into the nose first, ensuring they curve back.
  2. Secure the tubing over the ear and under the chin.
  3. Adjust tightness:
     • Not too tight to avoid pressure ulcers on ears and nose.

Key Considerations

• Comfort of the Patient: Adjust the fit as necessary for patient comfort.
• Humidity:
  • For patients requiring more than 3 liters, recommend using a humidifier (also called a bubbler) to prevent drying out of mucous membranes.