Understanding Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy

Oct 1, 2024

Low Flow Oxygen Devices: Nasal Cannula

Overview

  • Nasal Cannula: Standard low flow oxygen device.
  • Oxygen Delivery: Can deliver 1 to 6 liters of oxygen.
  • Fraction of Inspired Oxygen (FiO2): Important to understand the amount of oxygen being inspired.

Application

  • Connection: Use a flow meter and connect using a Christmas tree fitting.
    • Turn the flow meter knob counterclockwise to start the flow (e.g., set at 3 liters).

Placement on Patient

  • Curvature of Prongs:

    • The prongs should curve to follow the path of the nasal cavity (backwards and around).
    • Incorrect placement (prongs facing up) will not deliver oxygen effectively to the lungs, only to the nasal epithelial cells.
  • Steps to Apply:

    1. Insert the prongs into the nose first, ensuring they curve back.
    2. Secure the tubing over the ear and under the chin.
    3. Adjust tightness:
      • Not too tight to avoid pressure ulcers on ears and nose.

Key Considerations

  • Comfort of the Patient: Adjust the fit as necessary for patient comfort.
  • Humidity:
    • For patients requiring more than 3 liters, recommend using a humidifier (also called a bubbler) to prevent drying out of mucous membranes.