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Effective Network Troubleshooting Techniques
Dec 13, 2024
Troubleshooting Network Issues
Gathering Initial Information
Starting Point:
No prior information is available; initial step involves gathering details.
Techniques: Available Tools
LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol):
Used on switches.
CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol):
Cisco's version of LLDP.
Network Scanners:
Perform ping scans/port scans to identify devices.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol):
Used in ongoing scans by some organizations.
Traffic Analysis
Purpose:
Understand the type of traffic and devices on the network.
Methods:
Frame-by-Frame/Packet-by-Packet Analysis:
A detailed approach.
Simplified Views:
To avoid sifting through massive data volumes.
Firewalls Logs:
Information Captured:
Traffic timestamps
Protocols (e.g., TCP, UDP)
Port numbers
Source and destination IPs
Possible IP to hostname conversion
Performance Monitoring
Purpose:
Assess device performance and identify issues.
Tools and Techniques:
SNMP:
For network utilization and error statistics.
NetFlow Statistics and Protocol Analysis:
Offers detailed insights.
Availability Monitoring:
Checks if devices are up or down.
Real-Time Monitoring and Alerts:
For immediate problem identification.
Device Configuration Management
Configuration Files:
Storage and Backup:
Files should be backed up and stored for future use.
Version Compatibility:
Config files must match the software version.
Downgrading Option:
Allows for older config file compatibility.
Change Management:
Ongoing Monitoring:
Alerts on unauthorized changes to configurations.
Integrated Management System:
Part of a larger change control process.
Conclusion
Regular Monitoring and Reporting:
Crucial for maintaining network health and performance.
Configuration Control:
Essential to ensure consistent device settings and compliance.
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