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Comprehensive Guide to Skeletal Anatomy
Aug 30, 2024
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Mindmap
Overview of Skeletal Anatomy
Introduction
Presenter: Tom from zero2finals.com
Topic: Overview of the anatomy of the skeleton
Resources: Written notes and flashcards available at zero2finals.com
Structure of the Skeleton
Top to bottom overview to build a foundation before detailed study
Skull
Cranial Bones:
Surround the brain
Frontal bone (front)
Parietal bone (top)
Occipital bone (back)
Temporal bone (beside the ear)
Sphenoid bone (anterior to temporal)
Ethmoid bone (near midline, posterior to the nose)
Facial Bones:
Nasal bone (bridge of the nose)
Maxilla (connects nose, cheekbones, upper teeth)
Zygomatic bones (cheek bones)
Mandible (jaw bone, connects to temporal bone at TMJ)
Spine
Vertebrae:
7 Cervical (neck)
12 Thoracic (thorax)
5 Lumbar (lower back)
Sacrum
Coccyx
Notable Vertebrae:
C1: Atlas (connects to skull)
C2: Axis
Upper Limb
Clavicle:
Connects sternum and shoulder
Scapula:
Shoulder blade
Humerus:
Upper arm bone
Glenoid fossa on scapula forms the glenohumeral joint with humerus
Elbow Joint:
Humerus meets radius and ulna
Wrist and Hand:
8 Carpal bones
Metacarpals (1 to 5, thumb to little finger)
Phalanges in fingers and thumb (Proximal, Middle, Distal)
Joints: MCP, PIP, DIP, CMC (thumb)
Thorax
Clavicle:
Attaches to sternum at sternoclavicular joint
Sternum:
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process
Ribs:
12 Ribs
Ribs 1-10: Connect via costal cartilages to sternum
Ribs 11-12: Floating ribs (do not connect to sternum)
Pelvis
Bones:
Ileum, Ischium, Pubis
Sacrum:
Base of spine, attaches to ileum at sacroiliac joint
Hip joint:
Acetabulum where pelvis bones meet
Lower Limb
Femur:
Longest bone, forms hip joint with acetabulum
Knee Joint:
Femur, tibia (medial), fibula (lateral)
Patella:
Kneecap
Ankle and Foot
Ankle Joint:
Tibia, fibula meet tarsal bones
Tarsal Bones:
Talus, Calcaneus, Cuboid, Navicular, 3 Cuneiforms
Metatarsals:
Numbered 1 to 5 (big toe to little toe)
Phalanges:
Proximal, Middle, Distal (big toe lacks middle)
Study Tips
Use flashcards for memorization, available at zero2finals.com
Testing yourself after learning improves retention
Additional Resources
Zero to Finals Patreon for early video access, comprehensive courses, digital flashcards, podcasts
Conclusion
Encouragement to comment on usefulness
Invitation to support via Patreon for additional learning resources
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