hello Scholars welcome Mr Hinkle here here to talk about organic sedimentary rocks so we've been going through all the various types of sedimentary rocks classic chemical biochemical last but not least let's talk about organic really we're talking about fossil fuels here so organic sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation and lithification of organic material that lived in the past which once living organ isms are called fossils creating rocks that are made from those fossils we have two primary types coal and oil Shell let's get into it so the process of making coal takes millions of years it's called coalification and coal comes from plant and organic material in terrestrial environments so on land specifically in swamp s and it happens like this when you have areas that are wet and have high amounts of organic material accumulating that material will accumulate and bury and bury and bury think like a swamp and over time the accumulation the burial of that material will transform that organic uh matter into Pete and you get Pete bogs well and this is what we see on Earth today uh currently keep burying the Pete and what you end up with is a material called lignite keep burying the lignite it transforms into a sedimentary rock called bituminous coal keep transforming more heat more pressure and it changes its form into a metamorphic rock called anthy coal so often I hear what's the difference between anthy and binus well the best description I can give is bituminous coal has more of an earthy dull look to it anthracite has more of a shiny shimmery sparkly look to it that looks like it's undergone chemical alteration from increased heat and pressure all of the coal that we have on Earth today comes from the age of the dinosaurs when the Earth was much hotter when the forests were much bigger the animals were dominated by dinosaurs and during this period all of the continents were together to form a supercontinent called Pangia now Pan the dinosaurs were around for a long time much longer than humans have been around through that time the planet split up but there was a central centralized area in the middle of Pangia where you have the deposition and the formation of all of the Earth's coal deposits that we utilize today for energy resources we also have the Marine counterpart to terrestrial deposits of organic material this is in the bottom of the ocean so the world is nuanced different periods of deposition are occurring but when you have organic material that deposits at the bottom of the ocean and then you have fine grained material that deposits near it and then you have something that is very very resistant to movement or to uh what's the word I'm looking for we have paracity permeability resistant to permeability then the organic material will transform into petroleum oil and gas it will migrate into a reservoir often Shale and there is a trap that keeps it there that was a short very brief lecture on the formation of petroleum little petroleum geology lecture hey why the heck not this occurs over millions of years leaving certain types of shale to have their poor space filled with both oil and gas they separate into different components thus uh petroleum is is the crude oil and the natural gas components of our fossil fuels but this is another one of our types of organic sedimentary rocks because there is organic material that has transformed over time to create what we are able to utilize in our current society today so those are our two plant material we identify chemical biochemical and organic sedimentary rocks by composition coal bean plant matter what they're made of and the texture of which we can pick up and look at with our own very eyes so thank you so much this is organic sedimentary rocks and I'll see you again