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Motherboard Components and Communication Paths
Jul 15, 2024
Lecture: Motherboard Components and Communication Paths
Overview
Components on a motherboard: CPU, memory, storage, expansion slots
Importance of communication between components
Modular nature of components
Communication Paths (Bus)
CPU and memory communication via buses
Physical manifestation of buses on the motherboard
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
Definition and history: Standard since 1994
Bus sizes: 32-bit and 64-bit, both using parallel communication
Shared communication path to a central controller
Types and Characteristics
32-bit PCI Bus
: Smaller physical size
64-bit PCI Bus
: Larger physical size, parallel communication
Voltage support: 3.3V and 5V
Installation
Specific slots on cards designate voltage and bus width
Installation involves aligning contacts and pressing into motherboard slot
PCI Express (PCIe)
Replaces PCI, uses serial communication instead of parallel
Communication path called PCIe lanes
Supports multiple lanes: x1, x2, x4, x8, x16, x32 (written as b1, b2, etc.)
Serial Connection
Simplicity of serial connections: single path in both directions
Usage of Lanes
Increased lanes for more bandwidth
Example: PCIe x4 lane communication paths
Installation
Similar to PCI but with different slot and contact design
Installation involves aligning hooks or locks and gently pressing into slot
Example Motherboard Configuration
A motherboard with both PCI and PCIe slots
Placement of CPU, memory, and expansion slots
Close-Up
Zoomed view of PCI and PCIe slots and lane differences
PCIe adapter cards have hooks for locking into place
Installation Tips
Ensure proper alignment and gentle pressure
Adjust settings if installation is difficult
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