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Biological Influences on Personality Traits

Aug 14, 2024

Biologic Theory of Personality

Overview

  • The biologic theory of personality suggests that important components of personality are inherited or determined by our genes.
  • Variations:
    • Some approaches relate specifically to the brain.
    • The evolutionary psychology approach focuses on behavior rather than traits, theorizing different mating strategies for males and females.
    • Example: Men have multiple sexual partners; women are selective due to pregnancy costs.

Key Concepts

  • Inheritance of Personality:

    • Important components of personality are inherited.
    • Genes play a significant role in determining personality traits.
    • Studies often use twins to differentiate between genetic and environmental impacts.
  • Twin Studies:

    • Focus on identical twins due to identical genetic makeup.
    • Studies on twins raised apart show similar personalities, indicating a genetic influence.
    • Traits influenced by heredity:
      • Social Potency: Leadership and mastery roles in social situations.
      • Traditionalism: Tendency to follow authority.
  • Traits with Weaker Genetic Components:

    • Achievement and closeness may vary due to environmental factors.

Genetic Influence on Specific Traits

  • Example: Dopamine-4 receptor gene
    • Longer gene associated with thrill-seeking behaviors (e.g., liking roller coasters, skydiving).
    • Presence of a gene does not guarantee a specific personality trait; environment also plays a role.

Temperament

  • Definition: Innate disposition, potentially inherited (linked to genetics).
  • Includes mood and activity level, often consistent through life.
  • Linked to various theories, not just biologic (e.g., trait theory).

Summary

  • Inherited genes influence traits, leading to behaviors and personality.
  • Personality is not solely determined by genes; environmental factors also contribute.
  • Understanding the interplay of genetic and environmental factors is crucial in comprehending personality development.