IRAC Method for Legal Analysis

Jul 2, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains the IRAC method—a framework used to answer legal case problems—emphasizing its four required components: Issue, Rule, Analysis, and Conclusion.

IRAC Method Overview

  • IRAC stands for Issue, Rule, Analysis, and Conclusion.
  • It provides a structured approach for answering legal case problems.

Breaking Down the IRAC Method

Issue

  • Clearly state the legal question raised by the scenario in one or two sentences.
  • Do not repeat or summarize the facts in the issue section.

Rule

  • Define or state the legal principle that addresses the issue.
  • Use textbook definitions or your own words; include all elements if relevant (e.g., duty, breach, causation, damages for negligence).

Analysis

  • Explain how the rule applies to the facts of the scenario.
  • Discuss each element of the rule in relation to the scenario.
  • Use relevant facts to support your reasoning in this section.
  • This should be the longest and most detailed part of your answer.

Conclusion

  • State your answer to the legal question in one or two sentences.
  • The analysis and correct application of the rule are prioritized over reaching the "right" conclusion.

IRAC Example Application

  • Identify which courts have jurisdiction (legal issue).
  • Define jurisdiction and differentiate between personal and subject matter jurisdiction (rule).
  • Analyze both state and federal court options considering the facts (analysis).
  • Provide a clear, concise answer based on your analysis (conclusion).

Key Terms & Definitions

  • IRAC — A method for legal analysis: Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion.
  • Jurisdiction — The authority of a court to hear and decide a case.
  • Personal Jurisdiction — The court’s authority over the parties involved.
  • Subject Matter Jurisdiction — The court’s authority over the category or type of case.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice using the IRAC method to answer sample case problems.
  • Ensure each answer contains clear sections for Issue, Rule, Analysis, and Conclusion.
  • Review textbook legal definitions for use in the Rule section.