Notes on Sociological Self Lecture

Introduction

• Focus: Understanding the self through sociology.
• Key question: How do the groups we belong to affect our behavior, values, beliefs, and identity?

The Sociological Self

• Quote: "Not only the self is entwined in society, it owes society its existence in the most literal sense."
  • Interpretation: The self cannot exist without society.
  • Raises questions about individuality vs. social influence.

Differences between Sociological and Psychological Self

• Sociological Perspective: Emphasizes the group and societal influences on individual identity.
• Psychological Perspective: Focuses on individual uniqueness and characteristics.
• Example: Learning English may expose cultural differences (e.g., Filipino phrases showing respect).

Cultural Influences on Self-Identity

• Cultural exposure can make us aware of unique characteristics (e.g., Filipino culture).
• Examples: Respect in Filipino vs. Western cultures.
• Discussion prompts:
  • Aspects of Filipino culture to pride or change: e.g., "Filipino time," crab mentality.
  • How have views about being Filipino changed over time?

Eastern vs. Western Perspectives

• Eastern (Collectivistic): Identity strongly tied to groups; statements like "I am a member of my family."
• Western (Individualistic): Identity defined by individual characteristics; statements like "I am intelligent."
• Filipinos often anchor self-definition based on societal views.

Kapwa: Core Filipino Value

• Kapwa = shared identity; everyone is considered a "kapwa"
• Types of Kapwa:
  • Ibang tao: Strangers or acquaintances.
  • Hindi ibang tao: Close friends and family.
• Implication: Relationships influence identity formation.

Modernization and Its Influence

• Modernization affects self-definition and societal views (e.g., changes in attitudes toward women and mental health).
• Characteristics of a developing society (Giddens):
  • Industrialism, capitalism, institutions of surveillance, dynamism.

Social Groups and Identity

• Definition of a group: Two or more people interacting and identifying as a group.
• Types of groups:
  • Organic Groups: Naturally occurring, e.g., family.
  • Rational Groups: Formed based on shared self-interest, e.g., clubs.
• Importance of social networks in identity (e.g., barcada in Filipino culture).

Looking-Glass Self Theory

• Concept: Self is shaped by internalizing others' views of us.
• Balance needed: Consider both self-perception and societal perceptions.

Stages of Self-Development (George Herbert Mead)

1. Language: Essential for self-expression and understanding societal values.
2. Play Stage: Role-playing helps understand perspectives of others.
3. Game Stage: Understanding societal rules is necessary for functioning.

Two Sides of the Self (Mead)

• I: How the person sees themselves.
• Me: How others see the person.
• Emphasis on self-awareness and personal goals in relation to societal expectations.

Conclusion

• Key takeaway: The self is interconnected with society but remains a separate entity with unique beliefs and goals.
• Importance of self-reflection: Know when to adapt to societal beliefs and when to maintain personal values.