AP Human Geography: Comprehensive Review

Introduction

• Welcome to the Mr. Sin Channel
• Purpose: Summarize all seven units of AP Human Geography
• Aim: Review highlights and main concepts for AP test or final exam preparation
• Resources: Ultimate Review Packet, YouTube membership, and Discord community

Unit 1: Maps and Spatial Analysis

• Maps:
  • Thematic & Reference maps
  • Map Projections: Distortion issues (shape, area, distance, direction)
  • GIS: Geographic Information Systems for spatial relationships
• Data:
  • Qualitative vs. Quantitative research
• Spatial Concepts:
  • Distance decay, technological connectivity, cultural landscape
  • Environmental determinism vs. possibilism
• Scale and Scale of Analysis:
  • Small scale vs. large scale maps
  • Types of regions: functional, perceptual, formal

Unit 2: Population and Migration

• Population Distribution:
  • Urban vs. rural areas
  • Population density: arithmetic, physiological, agricultural
• Demographic Measures:
  • CBR, CDR, NIR, sex ratios, dependency ratios
• Models:
  • Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
  • Epidemiologic Transition Model
• Population Policies:
  • Pro-natalism and anti-natalism
• Malthusian Theory:
  • Malthusian catastrophe, carrying capacity
• Migration:
  • Push and pull factors, types of migration
  • Ravenstein's laws, counter migration

Unit 3: Cultural Patterns and Processes

• Culture:
  • Cultural relativism vs. ethnocentrism
  • Cultural landscape
• Diffusion:
  • Relocation vs. expansion diffusion
  • Types: hierarchical, contagious, stimulus
• Religion and Language:
  • Universalizing vs. ethnic religions
  • Language families, dialects

Unit 4: Political Organization of Space

• Political Entities:
  • Nation vs. state, nation-state, multinational state
  • Stateless nations, autonomous regions
• Boundaries:
  • Relic, antecedent, subsequent, consequent, superimposed, geometric
• Political Power:
  • Unitary vs. federal states
  • Supranational organizations and sovereignty

Unit 5: Agriculture and Rural Land Use

• Agricultural Practices:
  • Extensive vs. intensive agriculture
  • Subsistence vs. commercial agriculture
• Settlement Patterns:
  • Clustered, dispersed, linear settlements
• Agricultural Revolutions:
  • First, Second, Green Revolution
• Modern Agriculture:
  • Economy of scale, monocropping, monoculture

Unit 6: Cities and Urban Land Use

• Urban Models:
  • Burgess, Hoyt, Multiple Nuclei, Galactic, and models for LDCs
• Urban Issues:
  • Gentrification, redlining, blockbusting
  • Infrastructure, public transportation, sustainable cities

Unit 7: Industrial and Economic Development

• Economic Sectors:
  • Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, quinary
• Globalization:
  • Formal vs. informal economies
  • Trade agreements, offshoring, post-Fordism
• Development Theories:
  • Rostow's stages, Wallerstein's World Systems Theory
• Indicators:
  • GDP, GNP, GNI, HDI, GII

Conclusion

• Thank you for supporting the channel and resources
• Final thoughts on preparing for exams and utilizing provided materials