in this video what I want to do is a quick summary of glycolysis link reaction and CP cycle I hope it is not too overwhelming so let's start off with glycolysis which happens in the cytoplasm first the glucose molecule has to be phosphorilated with 2 ATP what does it mean by phosphorilated it means that you have to add some phosphate groups to the glucose the reason was because the glucose is too stable so by adding the phosphate from the ATP molecule uh the glucose becomes something known as fructose 16 bis phosphate and it's more reactive and you had to spend 2 ATP the fructose bis phosphate under go Lis which is breaking down and it becomes two trios phosphate molecules and the trios phosphates will undergo substrate link reaction to produce 4 ATP and it also under goes oxy oxidation or dehydrogenation where it releases the hydrogen the hydrogen is accepted by Ned and the Ned becomes two reduced Neds and the end product of glycolysis is pyoid the pyoid will then enter the link reaction in the mitochondrial Matrix that is the location where link reaction occurs and the Pyro under goes decarbox and it releases car Caron dioxide the pyate becomes a two carbon molecule the two carbon molecule under goes oxidation or dehydrogenation where the hydrogen is accepted by NAD becomes two reduced nads and then it forms acety group the acety group will be added with co-enzyme a because the co-enzyme a helps to transport the acetyl group into the CP cycle and the end product of Link reaction is the acety coenzyme a all acet Co a the acety COA will then enter the clap cycle where the acety group the two carbon molecule will be bonded together with oxaloacetate which is a four carbon molecule by the way this happens in the mitochondrial Matrix as well so when the acetyl group binds together with the oxaloacetate it forms a six carbon molecule and the name of the six carbon molecule I told you before you need to remember this and the name of the six carbon molecule is called citrate but what happens to the co-enzyme a the co-enzyme a comes out the co-enzyme a is like I've done my job so I'm just going to transport other aetl groups in the future so the citrate molecule in the CP cycle six carbon under goes decarbox which produces carbon dioxide and it also under goes oxidation or dehydrogenation which produces two reduced NAD and the citrate which was a six carbon molecule becomes a five carbon molecule because each of them released one carbon right so it becomes a five carbon molecule you don't need to know the name of the five carbon molecule that five carbon molecule undergoes decarbox dehydrogenation again two carbon dioxide two reduced NAD produce you have these four carbon molecules those four carbon molecules will undergo substrate link reaction to produce two atps and they undergo dehydrogen ation or oxidation again and thus you produce two reduced fads and two reduced nads and uh the oxaloacetate is regenerated that is a very important uh aspect of the craap cycle you spend the oxaloacetate but you must regain the oxaloacetate no matter what all right so now the point of the matter is what is this all about this is us breaking down the GL glucose molecule because remember the glucose molecule as I've highlighted was a six carbon molecule right so in that case that six carbon molecule has been completely broken down don't believe me because look here as you can see here it produces the two carbon dioxide over there it produces the two carbon dioxide over there and the two carbon dioxide over there how many molecules of carbon dioxides are produced six those six carbon dioxide came from the glucose it has completely been broken down but remember we don't just want to break down the carbon carbon bonds we also want the hydrogen why do we want the hydrogen because we want the hydrogen in chemiosmosis uh this process chem osmosis to power the ATP synthes later that hydrogen has been accepted by those reduced Neds and reduced fads and by the way in the process of breaking down the glucose molecule you also released some energy which gave you a little bit of ATP not much but a little bit it's okay so in total right now from the breakdown of the glucose molecule completely through glycolysis link reaction and Camp cycle you have produced six ATP molecules 10 reduced Neds and two reduced feds and in the next video we are going to be talking about what those reduced Neds and reduced feds will be record quiet for