Overview
Discussion centers on Joyce Carol Oates' classic short story "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?"—analyzing its plot, themes, historical context, interpretations, and the symbolism found within the story.
Plot Summary
- The story follows fifteen-year-old Connie, preoccupied with her looks and family tensions, who encounters a stranger named Arnold Friend.
- Connie's encounter with Arnold escalates from flirtation to a threatening and manipulative situation, culminating with her leaving with him under duress.
Historical and Cultural Context
- The story was published in 1966 and possibly inspired by real-life serial killer Charles Schmid.
- It reflects the 1960s' 'love revolution' and changing notions of intimacy and sexuality.
- The dedication to Bob Dylan is significant, as music and cultural seduction play a role in the story.
Thematic Analysis
- The narrative is divided into two parts: Connie's carefree, vain lifestyle, and the subsequent punishment or seduction by Arnold.
- Duality is a central theme—Connie's public versus private selves and the conflict between innocence and experience.
- The story serves as both a thriller and a metaphor for the dangers of vanity, sexuality, and the loss of innocence.
Symbolism and Metaphors
- Arnold Friend can be seen as a literal predator, a metaphorical devil, or the embodiment of temptation.
- The phone in the story may symbolize a last connection to safety, and the need to "invite" evil echoes vampire lore and moral choice.
- Arnold's characterization includes supernatural hints—ill-fitting boots, name allusions ("arch fiend"), and ritualistic, song-like speech.
Modern Resonance and Relevance
- The themes of dual identity and vulnerability persist, drawing comparisons to issues like social media personas and online predation.
- The story is seen as a cautionary tale relevant to contemporary concerns about personal safety and the seductive dangers of fame or attention.
Interpretive Possibilities
- Different readings are possible: a battle of morality, a warning against promiscuity, or a story of youthful self-discovery.
- The story’s ambiguity is its strength, allowing readers to interpret Arnold and Connie’s choices in various ways.
Questions / Follow-Ups
- Does Connie fully understand the consequences of her choice at the end?
- Is Arnold a literal threat or a metaphorical embodiment of evil and temptation?
- What is the deeper meaning behind the phone and the requirement to 'invite' Arnold in?