Merino Wool Lecture Notes

Overview

• Merino wool is a natural high-performance fiber
• Optimal growth environment: fresh air, sunlight, water, and grassland
• Australian Merino sheep renew their wool annually

Processing Procedure

Shearing

• Wool is sheared by skilled shearers
• Graded according to quality

Processing Methods

• Two processing methods: worsted and woolen
  • Worsted: used for long, even wool fibers
  • Woolen: used for shorter wool fibers

Washing

• Wool is first washed in hot water
• Removes impurities, collects lanolin (used in skincare products)

Carding

• Carding separates wool fibers, preparing for further processing
• Post-carding, can be divided into two products: sliver or roving

Combing Process

• Combed sliver passes through metal teeth to align and stretch
• Removes short fibers and impurities, ensuring quality and purity
• Forms top sliver (tops), stretched into worsted roving

Spinning

• Worsted roving and woolen roving are twisted during spinning
• Forms strong yarn
• Worsted yarn: thin and smooth
• Woolen yarn: textured, fluffy, heavy

Weaving and Dyeing

Weaving Methods

• Yarn is knitted into a looped structure using horizontal, 3D knitting, or circular machines
• Woven fabric: interlacing of warp and weft

Dyeing Process

• Dyed in water, dye permeates wool fibers thoroughly
• Dyeing can occur at multiple stages: raw wool, tops, yarn, fabric, garment

Final Treatment

• Fabric and garments are washed, cleaned, softened, and dried
• Steam or iron used to remove wrinkles
• Prepared as luxurious, high-tech, eco-friendly products

Conclusion

• Wool's journey from sheep to retailer
• Combines ancient craftsmanship with modern technology
• Transforms into luxurious, soft, high-tech yarn, fabric, and final products