Cate osilloscope so the cat osilloscope consists of the following components first we have the electron gun and then we have deflecting plates and we have a floresent screen so that is the three main component in uh catar osilloscope okay so this electron gun okay so from here from the heating filaments to this uh accelerating a notes this is the electron gun this electron gun and uh the function of the electron gun is to produce this COD ray a beam of COD ray the rate one is called this one is the C Ray this Electron Beam is the C Ray so the functions of the electron gun is to produce the C Ray the second component is this one this one is the deflecting system we have two pairs of plates y plate and X plate y plates move the CATE up downs and uh the X plate move the CATE left right okay so that's the deflecting system and then the third one is the fluoresent screen the floresent screen is to absorb okay is to absorb uh the small amounts of light energy release when the electrons heat on this screen okay absorb a small amount of uh light and then produce uh large amounts of light to produce a bright spot so that is the structures of this cater osilloscope scope so let's start with the filament okay so from here close this one first okay from here you can see that there's a filament heating filaments usually is made out of tungston okay so the functions of the heating filaments is to heat the cathodes this is the cathode this the cathodes so we use this heating filaments to heat the cathodes so that is the heating filaments the cathodes okay after heated by heating filaments up to certain temperature it will release electrons okay you release electrons and uh so the functions of the cathode is to release electrons when heated by filament so that is the cathode now in front of this cathodes you can see this uh this ring here okay this is called the GD this is called a GD now the GD is connected to a negative potential negative potential means that it can uh repel electrons because the the cathod release electron okay so this can repel electrons so we use this to control the amount of electrons that that can pass through it okay we control the amount of electrons and when we control the amount of electrons means we control the brightness okay more electrons pass through it then it will produce brighter spot if less electrons pass through it then it will produce deer spot so the control grid this control grid it control the amount of electrons to pass through it and therefore control the brightness of the screen the brightness of the spot on the screen so the number of electrons reaching the screen determines the brightness of the light so hence the negative potentials of the grid can be used as a brightness control this control grid is to control the brightness okay next one is the focusing aode and the accelerating a no okay from here we can see that there are two a Noe okay the first one is called the focusing aode and the second one is called the accelerating aod the focusing a notes uh is to focus the Cato Ray okay is to focus the Cato Ray when the electrons release the electron move this way it move this way so then we need to have this uh focusing anodes to focus the Electron Beam so when the electrons release then the focusing anode will try to focus it there so then you will focus it on the screen so without this focusing a notes then the the the electrons will spread to a wider area so we must have this focusing a to focus this CID Ray so that it focus at this floron screen then we have a focus bright spots on the screen and as we have this accelerating anodes from the name we know that this is to accelerate the electron so when the electron released from here the speed of the electron is very low so we need to have an aod to accelerate the electron so that it move very fast very fast like this uh light Ray okay light Ray move in a straight line so that is the uh components in the electron gun components in electron guns um then after that we have this deflecting systems we have y plate and X plate now y plate is used to move the Electron Beam up or down so if uh if this is positive this is negative then this uh Electron Beam will be deflect Ed upwards because this Electron Beam carry negative charge okay so the negative charge it will move to the positive plate so if you want it to move down then we apply the positive to the lower plate and then a negative to the upper plate and then it will deflect downwards so the Y plate deflect the beam up or down and the X plate deflects the beams left or right okay it deflects the beam left or right yeah uh that is the deflecting system and then here you can see that it's label here vacuum actually the whole tube is V vacuum okay the whole tube is vacuum the reasons we we need to have vacuum is uh so that the electrons won't collide with uh any a particles inside okay so we don't want the electrons to collide with the a particles if the electrons collide with the a particles then the electrons will be deflected maybe it go up or go down so okay then you cannot get a one bright spot so we must use use vacuum to prevent the electrons collide with the a particles so when the electron reach this fluoresent screen it collide with the floresent screen and after it collide with the fluoresent screen the kinetic energy change to uh light energy the light energy absorbed by uh this uh floresent substance and then produce uh uh this bright spot on this screen okay this is not label here okay on this screen there is also graphite they like graphite on the screen sometimes they may ask you what's the functions of the graphite because the graphite is not given here okay so there a graphite on the screen as well and then this graphite is channels to the Earth okay it channels to the Earth uh because when the electrons heat here okay we don't want the the electrons to accumulate here when the electron accumulate here then it will create a very high negative uh voltage yeah so we don't want this so when the electrons collide with the this floresent screen then the graphite graphite is a conductor so the graphite will conducts uh the electrics okay to let the electrons to go to the Earth wire this is to remove the electrons from the screen okay to remove electron from the screen because we don't want to have a negative charge screen here because if the screen is negatively charged then it will repel electrons we don't want that so we we have uh graphites on the screen and this is to conduct the electricity so that the electrons can go to the Earth so that is the function of each components functions of each components of this uh C osilloscope so y plates the function is to uh deflect the beams left to right and then uh floresent screen okay is to absorb the lights to produce a bright spot okay