[Music] there are four countries that make up the united kingdom also called the uk for short the four countries are england scotland wales and northern ireland england scotland and wales are all joined on one island which together is called great britain england scotland wales and northern ireland together become the uk and the british isles are all the islands put together which include england scotland wales northern ireland and southern ireland each country in the uk has his own flag the united kingdom also has its own flag it is called the union jack the union jack is made by joining the four flags together it's a union which means joined together of all the four countries england scotland and northern ireland but what about wales well the union jack was created in 1606 at the time wales was part of england so it wasn't recognized as a separate country even though things have changed today the union jack still represents the whole of the uk england has borders with wales and scotland the capital city of england is london london is home to many famous landmarks such as the tower of london big ben the houses of parliament and the shard it's where you'll find bucknam palace which is the official home of the british monarch either a king or queen england has a government which is led by the prime minister the government here is called the government of the united kingdom the prime minister has a group of people working with him called the cabinet they are all members of parliament and together decide the laws for the rest of the uk the national flag is called the st george's cross and people of england speak english much of the uk has low hills and planes especially in central and southern england in the north it's more mountainous as england reaches scotland the highest peak is scaffold pike in the lake district as well as the famous landmarks in london england is home to the angel of the north stonehenge durdle door on the jurassic coast and windsor castle scotland is the most northerly part of the uk the capital city of scotland is edinburgh you might have heard of edinburgh castle which is one of the most famous castles in the world edinburgh is also home to the scottish parliament which makes decisions on how the country is run the uk government in london controls things like scotland's defense foreign affairs and immigration rules and the scottish parliament decides their health law and education the national flag is called the saltier and the people of scotland speak english and scottish gaelic like edinburgh the city of glasgow is in the south of scotland where they have easy connections to the rest of the uk in the north of scotland you'll find the highlands it's more open here the large mountains valleys and lakes here you will find the highest mountain in the uk ben nevis further north is the shetland islands there is a total of a hundred islands but only 16 have people living on them the lakes in scotland are called locks one of the deepest locks is called loch ness which attracts many people each year all looking for the loch ness monster that they believe lives there hello other landmarks in scotland includes the glen finland viaduct which you might remember seeing in the harry potter movies there's also the kelpies sterling castle and the kalinas standing stones wales is located in the west of england the capital city of wales is cardiff in the south of wales when wales first joined the union it was ruled by england now wales has some power to decide the running of the country the government in wales is called the wealth assembly they can make decisions on health education and the environment the national flag is called fly meaning red dragon and the people of wales speak english and welsh snowdonia national park is located in the north of wales it is home to the highest mountain wales called snowden other landmarks in wales include canal and castle and in cardiff the whale's millennium center ireland is made up of two countries the republic of ireland and northern ireland dublin is the capital of the republic of ireland and belfast is the capital of northern ireland the republic of ireland is in the south and it's an independent country and therefore not part of the uk the government in northern ireland is called the northern ireland assembly their parliament buildings are in the capital belfast they decide laws on housing employment education health agriculture and the environment the flag for northern ireland is called saint patrick's saltier and the people of northern ireland speak english and irish the hills around the capital belfast are said to resemble a sleeping giant because of this landscape northern ireland attracts clouds so it gets less sunshine and more rain than other parts of the uk the giant causeway can be found in northern ireland it's a group of hexagonal volcanic rock columns forming stepping stones going into the sea and if you travel to belfast you can visit the titanic belfast which is the site where titanic was designed built and launched [Music] you